- August 22
- Launched from Edwards Air Force Base in California, American Joe Walker flies an X-15 rocket plane to a record height of 66 miles. [1575.24]
- August 28
- Martin Luther King Junior gives his "I have a dream" speech at Lincoln Memorial. [1]
- August 30
- Hot Line communications link between Washington DC and Moscow begins. [1]
- September 8
- Ines Cuervo de Priete, 34, gives birth to quintuplets, all boys. [1]
- September 9
- Landslide into Vaiont Dam empties lake, kills 3-4,000 (Italy). [1]
- September 14
- Mary Ann Fischer, in Aberdeen, South Dakota, gives birth to America's first surviving quintuplets, four girls and a boy. [1]
- September 16
- Federation of Malaysia forms from Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo, and Sarawak. [1] [459.15] [1367.707]
- September 24
- US Senate ratifies treaty with Britain and USSR limiting nuclear testing. [1]
- September 29
- Second session of Ecumenical council, 'Vatican II,' opens in Rome. [1]
- October 1
- Nigeria becomes a republic within the British Commonwealth. [1]
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- October 4
- Gambia achieves full internal self-government. [1]
- October 7
- Hurricane Flora hits Haiti and Dominican Republic, kills 7,190. [1]
- October 8
- Sultan of Zanzibar cedes his mainland possessions to Kenya. [1]
- October 9
- Uganda becomes a republic within the British Commonwealth. [1]
- October 10
- Treaty banning atmospheric nuclear tests signed by US, United Kingdom, USSR. [1]
- October 12
- Archaeological digs begin at Masada, Israel. [1]
- October 13
- The Beatles appear at the Palladium theater in London, and make their first appearance on a major TV show, for the BBC. The term "Beatlemania" is coined. [1] [457]
- October
- Stack's sells the second part of the George Walton coin collection for US$640,101. The total of the two auctions is US$874,837, a world record for a single collection of coins at public auction. [548.30]
- October 20
- South Africa begins trial of Nelson Mandela and eight others on conspiracy. [1]
- October 31
- Leaking propane gas explodes, kills 64 at "Holiday on Ice" (Indiana). [1]
- November 1
- Revolt against the Diem regime in South Vietnam. [1]
- Ngo Dinh Diem, South Vietnamese Prime Minister, assassinated in a military coup. [1]
- November 9
- In Japan, two high-speed commuter trains collide with a derailed freight train; 160 die. [1]
- November 12
- US President John Kennedy instructs NASA administrator James Webb to develop a program of "joint space and lunar exploration" with the Soviet Union. [861.176]
- November 19
- Worst Canadian air disaster kills 118 in Montreal, Quebec. [1]
- November 22
- John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, is assassinated while traveling through Dallas, Texas, in an open-top convertible. Lee Harvey Oswald is arrested for the murders of Kennedy and Officer J.D. Tippit. Vice President Lyndon Johnson is sworn in as the 36th president at 2:39 p.m. [1] [129]
- Moments after US President Kennedy is shot, a false statement blaming Cuba is sent from U.S. Army Intelligence in Texas to the U.S. Strike Command in MacDill Air Force Base in Florida, and armed fighter planes are launched to attack Cuba. (Just before they enter Cuban air space, they are called back.) [1270.146]
- November 23
- Horatio Alger Society is founded. [1]
- November 24
- Jack Ruby fatally shoots suspected President John Kennedy assassin Lee Harvey Oswald at Dallas police headquarters in Dallas, Texas. First live murder on TV. [1] [129]
- US President Lyndon Johnson issues National Security Action Memo Number 273, discarding John Kennedy's peace plans for America in Vietnam. [1096.125]
- November 29
- US President Lyndon Johnson sets up Warren Commission to investigate assassination of President John F. Kennedy. [1]
- December 1
- Nagaland becomes a state of the Indian union. [1]
- December 2
- First Dutch rocket launched/reaches height of 10 km. [1]
- December 4
- Aldo Moro forms Italian government. [1]
- Pope Paul VI closes second session of second Vatican Council. [1]
- December 8
- Three fuel tanks explode when jetliner is struck by lightning, crashing near Elkton Maryland; only case of lightning-caused crash, 81 die. [1]
- December 10
- Zanzibar becomes independent within British Commonwealth. [285.1181]
- December 12
- Kenya (formerly British East Africa) declares independence from United Kingdom. [1] [1367.156]
- December 17
- Tsjoi Doo Sun forms government in South Korea. [1]
- West and East Berlin sign accord about travel rules. [1]
- December 20
- Berlin Wall opens for first time to West Berliners. [1]
- Massemba-Debate elected President of Congo-Brazzaville. [1]
- Trial against 21 camp guards of Auschwitz begins. [1]
- December 22
- Greek Line's Lakonia cruise ship catches fire north of Madeira island, killing 131 of 1036 on board. [809.50]
- December 24
- Greeks and Turks riot in Cyprus. [1]
- December 26
- US furnishes cereal to USSR. [1]
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