- January 14
- Henry Ford introduces the assembly line, for Model T Ford automobiles. [1]
- January 26
- 600 Dutch textile workers go on strike. [1]
- Vatican puts Belgian Nobel Prize winner Maeterlinck's works in their index. [1]
- February 1
- Tanganyika Railway opens. [1]
- February 8
- General Zamon becomes President of Haiti. [1]
- February 13
- American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers-ASCAP forms in New York City, New York. [1]
- February 21
- White Wolf troops attack Zhanjiang China. [1]
- March 1
- Dutch Minister of war H Colijn named director of British Petroleum. [1]
- March 7
- Prince Wilhelm von Wied becomes King of Albania. [1]
- March 9
- US Senator Albert Fall (Teapot Dome) demands "Cubanisation of Mexico". [1]
- March 10
- Suffragettes in London damage painter Rokeby's Venus of Velasquez. [1]
- March 14
- Serbia and Turkey sign peace treaty. [1]
- March 16
- Gaston Calmette, editor (Le Figaro), killed by Madame Caillaux at age 55. [1]
- March 18
- White Wolf gang beats government army in Jingdezhen, China. [1]
- March 22
- World's first airline, Saint Petersburg Tampa Airboat Line, begins. [1]
- March 27
- First successful blood transfusion (in Brussels, Belgium). [1]
- April 8
- US and Colombia sign a treaty concerning the Panamá Canal Zone. [1]
- April 9
- First full color film shown, in London, England: The World, The Flesh and the Devil. [1]
- Tampico incident - US ship crew arrested in México. [1]
- April 11
- George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion play premieres. [1]
- April 14
- Stacy G Carkhuff patents non-skid tire pattern. [1]
- April 20
- 33 killed by soldiers during mine strike in Ludlow, Colorado, USA. [1]
- April 21
- US marines occupy Vera Cruz, México (they stay six months). [1]
- April 22
- México ends diplomatic relations with US. [1]
- April 28
- 181 die in coal mine collapse at Eccles, West Virginia, USA. [1]
- W H Carrier patents air conditioner. [1]
- May 1
- China's first president Yuan Shikai wins dictatorial qualification. [1]
- May 6
- British House of Lords rejects women's suffrage. [1]
- May 9
- US President Woodrow Wilson signs a proclamation designating the second Sunday in May as Mother's Day. [404.82] [411.64]
- May 25
- British House of Commons passes Irish Home Rule. [1]
- May 29
- A Norwegian freighter rams Canadian Pacific's liner RMS Empress of Ireland in Saint Lawrence River, Canada, in heavy fog; 1024 die as the ship sinks quickly. [1] [260.94]
- May 30
- Cunard ocean liner RMS Aquitania, largest at 45,647 tons, sails on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England to New York City. [5] [67.21]
- June 6
- First air flight out of the sight of land (Scotland to Norway). [1]
- June 19
- A radiotelegraphic link is established between Germany and the United States - German Emperor Wilhelm II and U.S. President Woodrow Wilson exchange telegrams to mark the event. [5]
- June 27
- US signs treaty of commerce with Ethiopia. [1]
- June 28
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are shot to death by Bosnian Serb nationalist Gavrilo Princip during an official visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo. [1] [129]
- June 30
- Mahatma Gandhi's first arrest, campaigning for Indian rights in South Africa. [1]
- July 14
- First patent for liquid-fueled rocket design granted, to Dr Robert Hutchins Goddard. [1]
- July 23
- Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia demanding the person who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. [1] [5]
- July 28
- Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. [1] [129]
- The Foxtrot is first danced at New Amsterdam Roof Garden (New York City, by Harry Fox). [1]
- July 29
- Austro-Hungarian forces begin to shell the Serbian capital, Belgrade. Russia, Serbia's ally, orders a troop mobilization against Austria-Hungary. [129]
- July 30
- Jean Jaurés, leading socialist, is assassinated in Paris, France. [1]
- July 31
- The New York Stock Exchange closes its doors due to the war in Europe. (It stays closed for the next four months.) [421.68] [516.32] (July 30 [227])
- August 1
- Germany declares war on Russia. [1]
- France, allied with Russia, begins to mobilize for war. [129]
- Winston Churchill mobilizes the British Royal Navy for war. [289.177]
- August 3
- Germany invades Belgium and declares war on France; France declares war on Germany. [1] [129]
- Cargo steamer S.S. Cristobal is first vessel to complete ocean-to-ocean transit of Panama Canal. [670.70] [821.77] (August 4 [684.68])
- August 4
- Germany declares war on Belgium; Britain declares war on Germany. [1] [918.46]
- August 5
- First electric traffic light is installed, at Euclid Ave. and East 105th Street, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. [1] [5]
- US, Nicaragua sign treaty granting canal rights to US. [1]
- August 6
- Austria-Hungary declares war against Russia. [1]
- Serbia declares war against Germany. [1]
- August 8
- Sweden and Norway make a common declaration of neutrality. [7]
- August 11
- Jews are expelled from Mitchenick, Poland. [1]
- August 15
- The Panama Canal officially opens, linking the Pacific and Atlantic oceans between North and South America. The SS Arcon is first ship to officially transit the canal. [1] [129] [152.14] [670.70] [729.38] [821.77]
- August 18
- President Woodrow Wilson issues Proclamation of Neutrality. [1]
- August 20
- German forces occupy Brussels, Belgium. [1]
- Pope Pius X dies. [1]
- August 23
- Japan declares war on Germany. [1]
- August 26
- Germans defeat Russians in Battle of Tannenberg. [1]
- September 1
- Saint Petersburg, Russia changes name to Petrograd. [1]
- September 3
- Cardinal Giacome della Chiesa becomes Pope Benedict XV. [1]
- Prince Wilhelm of Albania resigns and leaves the country. [982.1105]
- September 6
- Battle of the Marne; Germans prevented from occupying Paris. [1]
- September 15
- Battle of Aisne begins between Germans and French. [1]
- September 18
- Battle of Aisne ends with Germans beating French. [1]
- September 28
- German forces move into Antwerp, Belgium. [1]
- October 10
- German forces rout Belgians in Antwerp, Belgium. [1]
- October 30
- Italians occupy island of Saseno. [612.31]
- November 5
- Great Britain annexes Cyprus. [1]
- November 16
- Banks of the US Federal Reserve System open for business. The New York branch receives $100 million from member banks. [1] [453.66] [560.54]
- November 20
- US State Department starts requiring photographs for passports. [1]
- December 2
- Austria army occupies Belgrade, Serbia. [1]
- December 3
- Netherlands army shoots up geïnterneerde Belgian soldiers: 8 killed. [1]
- December 6
- German troops overrun Lódz. [1]
- December 8
- British and German fleets battle at Falkland Island. [1]
- December 10
- French government returns to Paris. [1]
- December 12
- The New York Stock Exchange re-opens (was closed four months). The Dow Jones Industrial Average drops from 71.42 to 54, a drop of 24 percent. [227]
- December 15
- Battle of Lódz ends; Russians retreat toward Moscow. [1]
- British fleet forfeits chance to destroy German fleet in North Sea. [1]
- Swedish troops overrun Belgrade in Austria-Hungary. [1]
- December 16
- French offensive in Artois (Pétain). [1]
- December 17
- Austrian troops beat Russians in Limanova, Poland. [1]
- Great Britain declares Egypt a protectorate. [1]
- Jews are expelled from Tel Aviv by Turkish authorities. [1]
- December 21
- First feature-length silent film comedy, Tillie's Punctured Romance released (starring Marie Dressler, Mabel Normand and Charles Chaplin). [1]
- December 24
- German plane drops bombs on Dover, England. [1]
- December 25
- Germans and Allies across the trenches cease firing and participate in an informal Christmas Truce. [1] [129]
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