- March 25
- England, France and Netherlands ratify second Extermination treaty. [1]
- April 1
- English pranksters begin popularizing the annual tradition of April Fools' Day by playing practical jokes on each other. [129]
- May 7
- William Penn begins monthly meetings for Blacks advocating emancipation. [1]
- July 11
- The German Academy of Sciences is founded in Berlin. The first president is Gottfied Wilhelm Leibnitz. The original name was the Electoral Prince of Brandenburg Society. [37]
- August 8
- Denmark signs the peace treaty of Traventhal with Sweden. [7]
- August 19
- Russia declares war on Sweden. [7]
- November 16
- Last day of Julian calendar in Iceland and Faero Islands. Next day is November 28. [983.24]
- November 20
- At Narva, Swedish King Karl XII with about 10,000 men defeats the Russian army of 40,000. [7]
- November 28
- First day of Gregorian calendar in Iceland and the Faero Islands. [983.24]
- December 12
- Utrecht/Overijssel/Buren/Leerdam/Ijsselstein adopt Gregorian calendar. [1]
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- December 31
- Frisia/Groningen adopt Gregorian calendar, tomorrow is January 12, 1701. [1]
1701
- January 1
- Great Britain and Ireland union is in effect, creating United Kingdom. [1]
- January 12
- Parts of the Netherlands (Frisia and Groningen) adopt the Gregorian calendar (others one year later). [1]
- January 18
- Frederik I/Sophie Charlotte van Hanover crowned king/queen of Prussia. [1] [37]
- March 9
- France, Cologne and Bavaria sign alliance. [1]
- April 29
- Drenthe Netherlands adopts Gregorian calendar, tomorrow is May 12, 1701. [1]
- May 12
- Drenthe adopts Gregorian calendar (yesterday is 4/29/1701). [1]
- June 12
- Act of Settlement gives English crown to Sophia, Princess of Hanover. [1]
- July 24
- French make first landing at site of Detroit. [1]
- October 9
- Collegiate School of Ct (Yale U), chartered in New Haven. [1]
1702
- March 8
- Death of King William III at age 52, after being thrown from horse and developing pleurisy; King of England and Scotland (1689-1702). [1] [1052.543]
- England's Queen Anne ascends throne upon death of King William III. [1] [309.60]
- March 11
- First English daily newspaper, "Daily Courant", is published. [1]
- March 21
- Queen Anne Stuart addresses English parliament. [1]
- April 20
- Comet C/1702 H1 approaches within 0.0437 astronomical units (AUs) of Earth. [1]
- May 14
- England and Netherlands declares war on France and Spain. [1]
- Swedish troops under King Charles XII occupy Warsaw. [1]
- May 15
- War of Spanish Succession, first American conflict between England and France. [1]
- June 1
- England enters the War of Spanish Succession. [857.29]
- October 12
- Tsar Peter of Russia captures Schlüsselburg. [452.48]
- October 23
- Anglo-Dutch ships overwhelm French warships and Spanish treasure ships in harbor at Vigo Bay off Spain, capturing 4500 pounds of silver and 7.5 pounds of gold. [1070.64]
1703
- May 1
- Battle at Rultusk: Swedish army beats Russians. [1]
- May 2
- Portugal signs treaty with England to become a Great Covenant. [1]
- May 18
- Dutch and English troops occupy Cologne. [1]
- May 27
- Tsar Peter the Great founds the city of Saint Petersburg. The first stone is laid on the island in the mouth of the River Neva. [1] [5] [1397.16]
- July 31
- Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the crime of seditious libel after publishing a politically satirical pamphlet, but is pelted with flowers. [5]
- November 24
- First Lutheran pastor ordained in America, Justus Falckner at Philadelphia. [1]
- November 26
- Bristol England damaged by hurricane, Royal Navy loses 15 warships. [1]
- A severe storm destroys the Eddystone lighthouse off Plymouth, Devon, England, killing resident designer Mr. Winstanley. [272.623]
- December 27
- England and Portugal sign Methuen-Asiento-trade agreement. [1]
- December 30
- Tokyo hit by earthquake; about 37,000 die. [1]
1704
- February 28
- Elias Neau, a Frenchman, opens a school for blacks in New York City, New York. [1]
- Indians attack Deerfield Massachusetts, kill 40, kidnap 100. [1]
- February 29
- French and Indians attack Deerfield Massachusetts, kill 50, abduct 100. [1]
- April 17
- First successful US newspaper; published in Boston by John Campbell. [1]
- May 1
- Boston Newsletter publishes first newspaper ad. [1]
- May 20
- Elias Neau forms school for slaves in New York. [1]
- July 21
- 1900 English and 400 Dutch marines land on Gibraltar Isthmus, succeeding in isolating the rock from the mainland. [857.29]
- July 26
- Spain surrenders fortress of Gibralter to England. [1] [857.29]
- August 13
- English defeat French at Battle of Blenheim in Bavaria. Duke of Marlborough is victorious cutting French line in two by cavalry attack in canter. 20,000 French killed, 14,000 taken prisoner. [1] [858.33]
- October 4
- French land over 11,000 French and Spanish marines at Gibraltar, to attempt to retake the fort from the British. [857.29]
1705
- January 8
- Georg F Händels first opera "Almira" premieres in Hamburg. [1]
- April 16
- Queen Anne of England knights Isaac Newton at Trinity College. [1]
- April 20
- French and Spanish leave Gibraltar, leaving behind 12,000 dead, wounded, or missing troops. [857.30]
- June 18
- Cornerstone is laid by Sir John Vanbrugh for Duke of Marlborough's house, also known as Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England. [858.33]
1706
- February 13
- Battle at Fraustadt Swedish army beats Russia/Saksen. [1]
- March 8
- Vienna's Wiener Stadtbank established. [1]
- April 29
- Emperor Jozef I becomes monarch of Cologne/Bavaria. [1]
- May 23
- Battle of Ramillies-Marlborough defeats French; 17,000 killed. [1]
- November 3
- In Italy, a violent earthquake killed 15,000 inhabitants. [53]
1707
- January 1
- Jacob V succeeds his father Pedro II as king of Portugal. [1]
- April 20
- Death of Johann Christoph Denner in Leipzig, Germany; musical instrument maker, invented the clarinet. [37]
- April 25
- Battle of Almansa-Franco-Spanish forces defeat Anglo-Portuguese. [1]
- April 29
- English/Scottish parliament accept Act of Union, form Great Britain. [1]
- May 1
- Act of Union between England and Scotland takes effect. [1] [391.30]
- October 23
- The parliament of Great Britain first meets. [5]
1708
- February 24
- Prince Johan Willem Friso sworn in as viceroy of Groningen. [1]
- February 28
- Slave revolt, Newton, Long Island New York, 11 die. [1]
- March 23
- English pretender to the throne James III lands at Firth of Forth. [1]
- March 27
- English pretender to the throne James III flees to Dunkerk. [1]
- August 29
- Haverhill, Mass destroyed by French and Indians. [1]
- December 1
- Great Alliance occupies Brussels. [1]
- December 14
- Prosper Jolyot's "Electre" premieres in Paris. [1]
- December 29
- Great Alliance occupies Gent. [1]
- December 31
- Great Alliance captures Bridge. [1]
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