- October 23
- Sailing ship Aeneus sinks off Newfoundland, killing 340. [1]
- November 7
- William Clark (Lewis and Clark exposition) sights the Pacific Ocean for the first time. [1] [541.36]
- November 8
- The Lewis and Clark expedition arrives at the Pacific Ocean, the first European explorers to do so by an overland route from the east. [129]
- December 2
- Napoleon defeats Russians and Austrians at Austerlitz. [1]
- December 9
- Comet 3D/1805 V1 (Biela) approaches within 0.0366 astronomical units (AUs) of Earth. [1]
- December 26
- France and Austria sign Peace of Pressburg. [1]
- December 31
- End of French Republican calendar; France returns to Gregorianism. [1]
1806
- January 8
- Cape colony becomes English colony. [1]
- January 10
- Dutch in Cape Town, South Africa, surrender to the British. [1]
- January 12
- French evacuate Vienna. [1]
- January 19
- Britain occupies the Cape of Good Hope. [1]
- January 23
- Death of William Pitt the Younger at age 46; Prime Minister of Great Britain (1783-1806). [1]
- January 30
- Prussia takes possession of Hanover. [1]
- April 5
- Isaac Quintard patents apple cider. [1]
- April 18
- US Congress passes an act forbidding imports of certain goods from Great Britain. [767.84]
- June 5
- First trotter (horse racing) to break 3-minute mile (Yankee). [1]
- Batavian Republic becomes the Kingdom of Holland. [1]
- June 27
- Buenos Aires captured by British. [1]
- July 3
- Michael Keens exhibits first cultivated strawberry. [1]
- August 6
- Holy Roman Empire ends; it was neither holy, Roman, nor an empire. [1]
- September 2
- A side of Rossberg Peak collapses into Goldau Valley, Switzerland, kills 500. [1]
- October 7
- Patent granted in London, England for "apparatus for producing duplicates of writings", paper saturated with ink then dried (carbon paper). [5] [55.33]
- October 14
- Battle of Auerstadt: French beat Prussians. [1]
1807
- January 1
- Curaçao is taken by English. [1]
- January 12
- Gunpowder ship explodes in Leiden, Netherlands; 150 die. [1]
- January 20
- Napoleon convenes the great Sanhedrin, in Paris, France. [1]
- January 28
- London's Pall Mall is first street lit by gaslight. [1]
- February 8
- Napoleon defeats Russians in battle of Eylau. [1]
- February 19
- British squadron under Admiral Duckworth forces passage of Dardanelles. [1]
- February 24
- Seventeen die and 15 wounded in a crush to witness execution of Holloway, Heggerty and Elizabeth Godfrey in England. [1]
- March 2
- US Congress bans slave trade effective January 1, 1808. [1]
- March 25
- First railway passenger service begins in England. [1]
- British Parliament abolishes slave trade. [1]
- George Canning becomes British Minister of Foreign Affairs. [1]
- May 22
- Townsend Speakman first sells fruit-flavored carbonated drinks (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA). [1]
- June 22
- British board USS Chesapeake, a provocation leading to War of 1812. [1]
- August 17
- Robert Fulton's American steamboat Clermont leaves New York City, inaugurating the world's first commercial steamboat service. [1] [5] [245.4]
- August 21
- Fire at Spa, burns two days, almost whole town. [811.90]
- December 22
- Congress passes the Embargo Act, prohibiting all international trade to and from American ports. [767.84]
1808
- January 1
- African Benevolent Society (education) forms. [1]
- Sierra Leone becomes a British colony. [1]
- January 10
- Herman Daendels succeeds A. Wiese as Governor-General of Netherlands Indies. [1]
- January 19
- Louis Napoleon signs first Dutch aviation law. [1]
- February 11
- Anthracite coal first burned as fuel, experimentally, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, USA. [1]
- February 21
- Russia attacks Finland, declaring intentions to annex it. [7]
- March 19
- King Charles IV of Spain abdicates. [479.50]
- March 23
- Napoleon's brother Joseph takes the throne of Spain. [1]
- March 31
- French-created Kingdom of Westphalia orders Jews to adopt family names. [1]
- April 9
- Mayor Wolters offers French king Louis Napoleon townhall as a palace. [1]
- April 17
- Bayonne Decree by Napoleon I of France orders seizure of US ships. [1]
- April 30
- First practical typewriter finished by Italian Pellegrini Turri. [1]
- May 2
- Uprising against French occupation begins in Madrid. [1]
- May 30
- Napoleon annexes Tuscany and gives it seats in French Senate. [1]
- June 22
- Zebulon Pike reaches his peak. [1]
- July 2
- Simon Fraser completes his trip down Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada, lands at Musqueam. [1]
- July 5
- Battle of Buenos Aires. [1]
- July 21
- Junta Barcelonesa in Spain authorizes peseta denomination coins. [458.40]
- September 15
- Gabriel J. de Yermo stages a coup in Mexico, replacing provisional governor José de Iturrigaray with General Pedro de Garibay. [479.50]
- November 10
- December 7
- James Madison elected US President, with George Clinton as Vice-President. [1]
1809
- January 1
- Holland Brigade under Brigadier General Chassé reaches Madrid, Spain. [1]
- January 5
- Treaty of Dardanelles concluded between Britain and France. [1]
- January 12
- British take Cayenne (French Guiana) from the French (until 1814). [1]
- January 25
- The Admiral Gardiner ship wrecks off the coast of England in the Straits of Dover, with loss of one life, and taking down 46 tons of newly minted 1808 10- and 20-cash copper coins for use in India. [910.150]
- February 1
- Dutch King Louis Napoleon accepts metric system. [1]
- February 3
- US Territory of Illinois is organized (including present-day Wisconsin). [1]
- February 8
- Franz I of Austria declares war on France. [1]
- February 11
- Robert Fulton patents the steamboat. [1]
- February 13
- French take Saragossa, Spain after a long siege. [1]
- March 13
- In Sweden, army officers arrest King Gustav IV Adolf in his castle. The king is forced to abdicate, deposed together with his heirs, and expelled from the country. [7]
- March 24
- Farmers Exchange Bank of Glocester, Rhode Island becomes first US bank to fail. [711.34]
- April 14
- Napoleon defeats Austria in the Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria. [1]
- April 18
- First run of 2,000 guineas horse race at Newmarket, England. [1]
- April 22
- Battle at Eckmühl - Napoleon beats Austria arch duke Karl. [1]
- May 5
- Citizenship is denied to Jews of Canton of Aargau, Switzerland. [1]
- May 17
- Papal States annexed by France. [1]
- May 21
- Battle at Aspern-Essling: Austrian arch duke Karl beats Napoleon. [1]
- May 24
- Dartmoor Prison opens to house French prisoners of war. [1]
- (month unknown)
- A Jesuit College is rebuilt at Baden Baden, with gambling facilities. [811.100]
- August 10
- Ecuador declares independence from Spain. [1]
- September 17
- Sweden is forced to make peace with Russia, ceding all of Finland, the Åland islands, and a north-eastern strip of Sweden. In total, Sweden loses one-third of its territory. [7]
- September 18
- The Royal Opera House in London opens. [5]
- December 10
- Sweden signs a peace treaty with Denmark. [7]
- December 16
- Napoleon Bonaparte divorces Empress Josephine by the French Senate. [1]
- December 26
- English invasionary troops leave Vlissingen. [1]
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