1805
- January 11
- Michigan Territory is organized. [1]
- January 17
- Abraham-Hyacinthe Anquetil du Perron French interpreter, dies at age 73. [1]
- January 19
- Johann Gottlieb Karl Spazier composer, dies at age 43. [1]
- January 23
- Vaclav Pichl composer, dies at age 63. [1]
- January 24
- Giacomo Conti composer, dies at age 50. [1]
- January 28
- Mihály Csokonai Vitéz Hungarian (stage)poet (Dorottya), dies at age 31. [1]
- February 27
- Stefan Paluselli composer, dies at age 57. [1]
- March 3
- Louisiana-Missouri Territory forms. [1]
- March 4
- Jean-Baptiste Greuze French painter, dies at age 79. [1]
- April 6
- Lorenz Justinian Ott composer, dies at age 56. [1]
- April 7
- Premiere of Beethoven's "Eroica" (conducted by himself). [1]
- April 26
- Jean BG d'ansse the Villoison classic (Anecdota Graeca), dies at age 55. [1]
- April 27
- US Marines attack shores of Tripoli. [1]
- May 4
- Henry C Overing buys 80 acres of Throggs Neck in the Bronx New York. [1]
- May 9
- Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller poet/playwright, dies at age 45. [1]
- May 16
- Christian Brunings hydraulic engineer, dies at age 68. [1]
- May 26
- Lewis and Clark first see Rocky Mountains. [1]
- Napoleon is crowned king of Italy. [1]
- May 28
- Ridolfo Luigi Boccherini Italian composer/cellist (Minuet), dies at age 62. [1]
- June 4
- Tripoli forced to conclude peace with US after war over tribute. [1]
- June 5
- First recorded tornado in "Tornado Alley" (Southern Illinois). [1]
- June 21
- Great Stoneface Mount found in New Hampshire. [1]
- July 8
- American Bill Richmond knocks out Jack Holmes, Kilburn Wells, England. [1]
- October 21
- Battle of Trafalgar, Admiral Horatio Nelson defeats French and Spanish fleet and dies. [1] [5]
- October 23
- Sailing ship "Aeneus" sinks off Newfoundland killing 340. [1]
- November 7
- Lewis and Clark first sight Pacific Ocean. [1]
- November 8
- The Lewis and Clark expedition arrives at the Pacific Ocean, the first European explorers to do so by an overland route from the east. [129]
- November 18
- 30 women meet at Mrs Silas Lee's home in Wiscasset, Maine, organizes Female Charitable Society, the first woman's club in America. [1]
- November 20
- The opera "Fidelio" is produced (Vienna). [1]
- November 25
- The opera "Thaïs" first American performance. [1]
- December 2
- Napoleon defeats Russians and Austrians at Austerlitz. [1]
- December 9
- Comet 3D/1805 V1 (Biela) approaches within 0.0366 astronomical units (AUs) of Earth. [1]
- December 10
- Friedrich Franz Hurka composer, dies at age 43. [1]
- December 26
- France and Austria sign Peace of Pressburg. [1]
- Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts established, Philadelphia. [1]
- December 27
- Belle van Zuylen Netherlands/Swiss writer (Trois Femmes), dies at age 65. [1]
- December 31
- End of French Republican calendar; France returns to Gregorianism. [1]
1806
- January 8
- Cape colony becomes English colony. [1]
- Lewis and Clark find skeleton of 105' blue whale in Oregon. [1]
- January 10
- Dutch in Cape Town, South African surrender to the British. [1]
- January 12
- French evacuate Vienna. [1]
- January 19
- Britain occupies the Cape of Good Hope. [1]
- January 23
- William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister Great Britain (1783-1806), dies at age 46. [1]
- January 30
- Prussia takes possession of Hanover. [1]
- February 11
- Vicente Martin y Soler composer, dies at age 51. [1]
- February 23
- John Alcock composer, dies at age 90. [1]
- February 24
- John Nieuwenhuijzen theologist (Society for General Use), dies at age 81. [1]
- March 16
- Giuseppe Colla composer, dies at age 74. [1]
- March 17
- David Dale industrialist and philanthropist, dies. [1]
- March 23
- George Frederic Pinto composer, dies at age 20. [1]
- Lewis and Clark reach Pacific coast. [1]
- April 4
- Friedrich Gottlob Fleischer composer, dies at age 84. [1]
- April 5
- Isaac Quintard patents apple cider. [1]
- April 9
- Willem V Batavus prince of Orange-Nassau, dies at age 58. [1]
- April 13
- Jean-Jacques Bachelier French painter, dies at about age 82. [1]
- April 27
- Amalia Fürstin Gallitzin Prussian daughter of Golitsyn, dies at age 57. [1]
- May 31
- Michaël FB baron von Melas Austrian general, dies at age 77. [1]
- June 5
- First trotter to break 3 minute mile (Yankee). [1]
- Batavian Republic becomes the Kingdom of Holland. [1]
- June 27
- Buenos Aires captured by British. [1]
- July 3
- Michael Keens exhibits first cultivated strawberry. [1]
- August 6
- Holy Roman Empire ends; it was neither holy, Roman, nor an empire. [1]
- September 2
- A side of Rossberg Peak collapses into Goldau Valley Switz, kills 500. [1]
- September 23
- Lewis and Clark return to Saint Louis from the Pacific Northwest. [1] [129]
- October 7
- Patent granted in London, England for "apparatus for producing duplicates of writings", paper saturated with ink then dried (carbon paper). [5] [55.33]
- October 9
- Benjamin Banneker astronomer/mathematician, dies at age 74. [1]
- October 14
- Battle of Auerstadt-French beat Prussians. [1]
- October 17
- Jean Jacques Dessalines Emperor of Haiti, dies. [1]
- November 15
- First US college magazine, Yale Literary Cabinet, publishes first issue. [1]
- Explorer Zebulon Pike sights Pikes Peak. [1]
1807
- January 1
- Curaçao is taken by English (until March, 1816). [1]
- January 5
- Michel Adanson French biologist (Plant classes), dies at age 79. [1]
- January 12
- Adriaan Kluit Dutch historian, dies at age 71. [1]
- Gunpowder-ship explodes in Leiden Netherlands, 150 die. [1]
- Joan Lucaz Dutch scholar/journalist/patriot, dies at age 60. [1]
- January 20
- Napoleon convenes the great Sanhedrin, Paris. [1]
- January 28
- London's Pall Mall is first street lit by gaslight. [1]
- February 5
- Pasquale Paoli Corsican freedom fighter, dies at age 80. [1]
- February 6
- John Reid composer, dies at age 85. [1]
- February 8
- Napoleon defeats Russians in battle of Eylau. [1]
- February 9
- French Sanhedrin convened by Napoleon. [1]
- February 10
- US Coast Survey authorized by Congress. [1]
- February 18
- August G Meissner German estheticus/literary, dies at age 53. [1]
- S von Laroche writer, dies at age 75. [1]
- February 19
- British squadron under Admiral Duckworth forces passage of Dardanelles. [1]
- Vice President Aaron Burr arrested in Alabama for treason; later found innocent. [1]
- February 23
- François Guichard composer, dies at age 61. [1]
- February 24
- Seventeen die and 15 wounded in a crush to witness execution of Holloway, Heggerty and Elizabeth Godfrey in England. [1]
- March 2
- US Congress bans slave trade effective January 1, 1808. [1]
- March 5
- First performance of Ludwig von Beethoven's 4th Symphony in B. [1]
- March 11
- Anton Eberl composer, dies at age 41. [1]
- March 25
- First railway passenger service began in England. [1]
- British Parliament abolishes slave trade. [1]
- George Canning becomes British minister of Foreign affairs. [1]
- April 1
- Louis François Chambray composer, dies at age 69. [1]
- Miklós Révai Hungarian linguistic/poet, dies at age 57. [1]
- Vaclav Josef Bartolomej Praupner composer, dies at age 61. [1]
- April 4
- Joseph Jérôme Le Francais de Lalande French astronomer, dies. [1]
- April 9
- John Opie England, painter/illustrator; Shakespeare gallery, dies at age 45. [1]
- April 10
- Anna Amalia van Brumswijk-Wolfenbüttel duchess of Saxon-Weimar, dies. [1]
- April 18
- Erasmus Darwin physician/writer (Influence), dies. [1]
- May 22
- Former Vice President Aaron Burr is tried for treason in Richmond Virginia (acquitted). [1]
- Townsend Speakman first sells fruit-flavored carbonated drinks (Philadelphia). [1]
- June 22
- British board USS Chesapeake, a provocation leading to War of 1812. [1]
- August 17
- Robert Fulton's American steamboat Clermont leaves New York City, inaugurating the world's first commercial steamboat service. [1] [5] [245.4]
- September 1
- Aaron Burr acquitted of charges of plotting to set up an empire. [1]
- September 14
- Aaron Burr acquitted of a misdemeanor charge. [1]
- October 1
- John Mühlenberg Lutheran pastor, dies on his 61st birthday. [1]
- December 3
- Clara Reeve English author (old English baron), dies. [1]
- December 4
- Prince Hall activist/Masonic leader, dies in Boston. [1]
- December 22
- US Congress passes Embargo Act, to force peace between Britain and France. [1]
1808
- January 1
- African Benevolent Society (education) forms. [1]
- US Congress prohibits importation of slaves. [1]
- Sierra Leone becomes a British colony. [1]
- January 8
- Messenger horse that sired many great trotters, dies. [1]
- January 10
- Herman Daendels succeeds A Wiese as Governor-General of Netherlands Indies. [1]
- January 19
- Louis Napoleon signs first Dutch aviation law. [1]
- February 11
- Anthracite coal first burned as fuel, experimentally, Wilkes-Barre Pennsylvania. [1]
- February 21
- Russia attacks Finland, declaring intentions to annex it. [7]
- March 6
- First college orchestra in US founded, at Harvard. [1]
- March 7
- Portugal's regent Dom Juan IV arrives in Rio De Janeiro. [1]
- March 23
- Napoleon's brother Joseph takes the throne of Spain. [1]
- March 27
- Joseph Haydns oratorio "Die Schöpfung" premieres in Vienna. [1]
- March 31
- French created Kingdom of Westphalia orders Jews to adopt family names. [1]
- April 9
- Mayor Wolters offers French king Louis Napoleon townhall as a palace. [1]
- April 13
- William Henry Lane ("Juda") perfects the tap dance. [1]
- April 17
- Bayonne Decree by Napoleon I of France orders seizure of US ships. [1]
- April 25
- Alois Luigi Tomasini composer, dies at age 66. [1]
- April 30
- First practical typewriter finished by Italian Pellegrini Turri. [1]
- May 2
- Uprising against French occupation begins in Madrid. [1]
- May 3
- Goya's "Executions of the third of May". [1]
- May 18
- Jacob Albright [Albrecht] German/US preacher, dies at age 49. [1]
- May 30
- Napoleon annexes Tuscany and gave it seats in French Senate. [1]
- June 1
- First US land-grant university founded-Ohio Univ, Athens, Ohio. [1]
- June 22
- Zebulon Pike reaches his peak. [1]
- July 2
- Simon Fraser completes his trip down Fraser R, British Columbia, Canada, lands at Musqueam. [1]
- July 5
- Battle of Buenos Aires. [1]
- November 10
- December 1
- Anton Fischer composer, dies at age 30. [1]
- December 7
- James Madison elected US President,George Clinton Vice-President. [1]
1809
- January 1
- Holland Brigade under Brigadier General Chassé reaches Madrid. [1]
- January 4
- Bartolomeo Giacometti composer, dies at age 67. [1]
- January 5
- Treaty of Dardanelles concluded between Britain and France. [1]
- January 12
- British take Cayenne (French Guiana) from the French (until 1814). [1]
- January 20
- First US geology book published by William Maclure. [1]
- February 1
- Dutch King Louis Napoleon accepts metric system. [1]
- February 3
- Territory of Illinois organizes (including present-day Wisconsin). [1]
- February 8
- Franz I of Austria declares war on France. [1]
- February 11
- Robert Fulton patents the steamboat. [1]
- February 13
- French take Saragossa, Spain after a long siege. [1]
- February 20
- Johann Joseph Emmert composer, dies at age 76. [1]
- US Supreme Court rules federal government power greater than any state. [1]
- March 1
- Embargo Act of 1807 repealed and Non-Intercourse Act signed. [1]
- March 4
- Madison becomes first President inaugurated in American-made clothes. [1]
- March 7
- Johann Georg Albrechtsberger Austrian composer, dies at age 73. [1]
- March 13
- In Sweden, army officers arrest King Gustav IV Adolf in his castle. The king is forced to abdicate, deposed together with his heirs, and expelled from the country. [7]
- March 23
- Ferdinand-Philippe-Joseph Staes composer, dies at age 60. [1]
- March 26
- Gabriele Mario Piozzi composer, dies at age 68. [1]
- March 27
- Joseph M Vien French (court)painter/etcher, dies at age 92. [1]
- March 31
- Franz Joseph Haydn composer, dies on 77th birthday. [1]
- April 14
- Napoleon defeated Austria in the Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria. [1]
- April 18
- First run of 2,000 guineas horse race at Newmarket England. [1]
- April 20
- Napoleon I defeats Austria at Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria. [1]
- April 22
- Battle at Eckmühl - Napoleon beats Austria arch duke Karl. [1]
- May 5
- Citizenship is denied to Jews of Canton of Aargau Switzerland. [1]
- Mary Kies is first woman issued a US patent (weaving straw). [1]
- May 8
- Augustin Pajou French sculptor (Bachante), dies at age 78. [1]
- May 17
- Leopold Auenbrugger von Auenbrugg physician, dies. [1]
- Papal States annexed by France. [1]
- May 21
- Battle at Aspern-Essling: Austrian arch duke Karl beats Napoleon. [1]
- May 24
- Dartmoor Prison opens to house French prisoners of war. [1]
- May 30
- Johan B Scheffer portrait painter, dies at about age 43. [1]
- May 31
- Ferdinand von Schill Prussian officer/rebel, dies in battle at age 33. [1]
- Franz Josef Haydn Austrian composer (Jahreszeiten), dies in Wien (Vienna) Austria at age 77. [1]
- June 8
- Thomas Paine writer (Age of Reason, Common Sense), dies at age 72. [1]
- June 10
- First US steamboat to a make an ocean voyage leaves New York for Philadelphia. [1]
- July 31
- First practical US railroad track (wooden, for horse-drawn cars), Philadelphia. [1]
- August 10
- Ecuador declares independence from Spain (National Day). [1]
- September 17
- Sweden is forced to make peace with Russia, ceding all of Finland, the Åland islands, and a north-eastern strip of Sweden. In total, Sweden loses one-third of its territory. [7]
- September 18
- The Royal Opera House in London opens. [5]
- October 11
- Meriwether Lewis capt of Lewis and Clark Expedition, dies at age 35. [1]
- November 22
- Peregrine Williamson of Baltimore patents a steel pen. [1]
- December 10
- Sweden signs a peace treaty with Denmark. [7]
- December 16
- Napoleon Bonaparte divorces Empress Josephine by the French Senate. [1]
- December 26
- English invasionary troop leaves Vlissingen. [1]
- December 30
- Wearing masks at balls forbidden in Boston. [1]
- December 31
- Franz Ignaz Beck composer, dies at age 75. [1]
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