- January 10
- Anthony Eden resigns and Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister of Great Britain. [1]
- January 13
- Bollingen Prize for poetry awarded to Allen Tate. [1]
- January 18
- Three B-52s set record for around-the-world flight, 45 hours 19 minutes. [1]
- January 19
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- January 20
- Gomulka wins Poland's parliamentary election. [1]
- January 22
- Israeli forces withdraw from the Sinai Penisula. [1]
- Mad Bomber (George P Metesky), accused of 30 explosions, arrested. [1]
- January 23
- Toy company Wham-O produces first Frisbees, initially called the "Pluto Platter" (renamed Frisbee in 1958). (100 million sell in 20 years.) [129]
- January 25
- FBI arrests Jack and Myra Sobel, charged with spying for the USSR. [1]
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- January 26
- Dutch PSP, Pacifist Socialistic Party, forms. [1]
- India annexes Kashmir. [1]
- January 31
- Trans-Iranian oil pipe line finished. [1]
- February 1
- Felix Wankel's first working prototype DKM 54 of the Wankel rotary engine is running at the NSU research and development department Versuchsabteilung TX in Germany. [5]
- February 2
- United Nations adopts a resolution calling for Israeli troops to leave Egypt. [1]
- February 4
- First electric portable typewriter placed on sale (Syracuse, New York, USA). [1]
- February 12
- Researchers announce Borazan (harder than diamonds) has been developed. [1]
- February 15
- Andrei A Gromyko succeeds Dmitri Shepilov as Soviet foreign minister. [1]
- February 17
- Fire in Warreton, Missouri, kills 72. [1]
- February 27
- Chinese Chairman Mao's speech "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among People". [1]
- March 3
- Corry Brokken wins Eurovision Song festival with "Just as Then". [1]
- March 5
- Eamon de Valera's Fianna Fail party wins election in Ireland. [1]
- March 6
- The Dominion of Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) declares independence from the United Kingdom. [1] [700.47A] [1015.225]
- March 8
- Israeli troops leave Egypt; Suez Canal re-opened for minor ships. [1]
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- March 9
- 8.1 earthquake shakes Andreanof Islands, Alaska, USA. [1]
- March 12
- German Democratic Republic accepts 22 Russian divisions. [1]
- March 13
- Bloody battles after anti-Batista demonstration in Havana, Cuba. [1]
- March 14
- Indonesian government of Sastroamidjojo resigns. [1]
- March 15
- Great Britain becomes the third nation to explode a nuclear bomb. [1]
- March 17
- Ramon Magsaysay, President of Philippines, dies in a plane crash. [1]
- March 20
- Britain accepts NATO offer to mediate in Cyprus, but Greece rejects it. [1]
- March 22
- Republic of India adopts Saka calendar along with Gregorian. [1]
- March 25
- Treaty of Rome establishes European Economic Community (Common Market). [1]
- April 1
- Trial begins in Budapest, Hungary against participants' October uprising. [1]
- April 3
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- April 6
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- April 9
- Suez Canal cleared for all shipping. [1]
- April 10
- Jordanian government of Naboelsi resigns. [1]
- Suez Canal re-opens for all traffic. [1]
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- April 11
- Ryan X-13 Vertijet becomes first jet to take-off and land vertically. [1]
- April 12
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- April 16
- USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test. [1]
- April 21
- Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Fidei Donum. [1]
- April 25
- First experimental sodium nuclear reactor operated. [1]
- Ibrahim Hashim forms Jordanian government. [1]
- May 1
- US gives Poland credit of US$95 million. [1]
- May 4
- Anne Frank Foundation forms in Amsterdam, Netherlands. [1]
- May 5
- Adolf Schärf elected President of Austria. [1]
- May 6
- Italian Government of Segni resigns. [1]
- Pulitzer prize awarded to John F Kennedy (Profiles in Courage). [1]
- May 10
- First meeting of legislature of Cameroon. [1]
- May 11
- Gabriel Paris forms Government of Colombia. [1]
- May 15
- First British hydrogen bomb explosion (over Christmas Island). [1]
- May 16
- Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Invicti Athletae. [1]
- May 19
- Adone Zoli forms Italian Government. [1]
- May 21
- French Government of Mollet resigns. [1]
- May 22
- South Africa Government approves race separation in universities. [1]
- May 24
- Anti-American riots breakout in Taipei, Taiwan. [1]
- Heavy earthquake strikes Colombia. [1]
- May 29
- Algerian rebels kill 336 collaborators. [1]
- Laos Government of Prince Suvanna Phuma resigns. [1]
- May 31
- Great Britain performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island. [1]
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