Chronology of World History

Copyright © 2007-2008 Ken Polsson
internet e-mail: kpolsson@islandnet.com
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URL: http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/worldhis/

References are numbered in [brackets], which are listed here. A number after the dot gives the page in the source.

Last updated: 2008 April 30.


1860

January 1
  • Slavery ends of in Netherlands Indies. [1]
January 5
  • Saint John Nepomucene Neumann first male US saint, dies. [1]
January 12
  • Martinus J Niewindt bishop on Curaçao (christened slaves), dies at 63. [1]
January 20
  • Dutch troops conquer Watampone in Celebes. [1]
January 27
  • Janó Bolyai Hungarian mathematician (parallel), dies at 57. [1]
January 28
  • Britain formally returns Mosquito Coast to Nicaragua. [1]
January 29
  • American College established in Rome by Pope Pius IX. [1]
January 30
  • Francesco Antonio Norberto Pinto composer, dies at 44. [1]
February 1
  • First rabbi to open House of Representatives, Morris Raphall of New York City, New York. [1]
February 3
  • Thomas Clemson takes office as first US superintendent of agriculture. [1]
February 9
  • Edmond Willem van Dam van Isselt Dutch military/liberal politician, dies at 63. [1]
February 10
  • John Brahms' second Serenade in A, premieres. [1]
February 13
  • King Basse Kajuara departs Boni South-Celebes. [1]
February 16
  • Dutch Rochussen/Van Bosse government resigns. [1]
February 20
  • Henry Drummond English banker/religious leader, dies at 69. [1]
February 22
  • Shoe-making workers of Lynn Mississippi, strike successfully for higher wages. [1]
March 9
  • First Japanese ambassador arrives in San Francisco en route to Washington DC. [1]
March 12
  • US Congress accepts Pre-emption Bill; free land in West for colonists. [1]
March 17
  • Japanese embassy arrives aboard Candinmarruh [sic]. [1]
March 21
  • US extradition treaty with Sweden. [1]
March 24
  • Clipper Andrew Jackson arrives in San Francisco, 89 days out of New York. [1]
March 27
  • M L Byrn patents "covered gimlet screw with a 'T' handle" (corkscrew). [1]
March 28
  • Johann Ludwig Bohner composer, dies at 73. [1]
March 29
  • Dion Boucicault's "Colleen Bawn" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]
April 2
  • First Italian Parliament met at Turin. [1]
April 3
  • Pony Express began between Saint Joseph Missouri and Sacramento California. [1]

April 7
  • Grand duke Frederik I liberalizes laws in Bathe. [1]
April 9
  • In Paris, France, inventor Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville makes the first (known) audio recording, ten seconds long, of a person singing a folk song. The recording is made on a phonautograph that scratches sound waves onto a sheet of paper blackened by the smoke of an oil lamp. [35]
April 13
  • First Pony Express reaches Sacramento, California. [1] [5]
April 14
  • First Pony Express rider arrives in San Francisco California from Saint Joseph Missouri. [1]
April 16
  • Carolina duchess of Berry/daughter of crown prince of Naples, dies. [1]
April 18
  • Count István Széchenyi statesman, commits suicide. [1]
April 28
  • Isaac da Costa poet/writer (Réveil, Wachter!), dies at 62. [1]
April 30
  • Navaho Indians attack Fort Defiance (Canby). [1]
May 4
  • Emil Nikolaus von Reznicek composer, dies. [1]
May 16
  • Republican convention (Chicago) selects Abraham Lincoln candidate. [1]
May 18
  • Republican Party nominates Abraham Lincoln for president. [1]
May 21
  • Johannes Frederick Frohlich composer, dies at 53. [1]
May 23
  • Albert Richard Smith author/lecturer, dies. [1]
May 26
  • Garibaldi occupies Palermo Italy. [1]
June 7
  • Workmen start laying track for Market Street Railroad, San Francisco. [1]
June 15
  • First White settlement in Idaho (Franklin). [1]
June 23
  • US Congress establishes the Government Printing Office. [1]
  • US Secret Service created. [1]
July 9
  • Temperature hits 115 degrees F in Fort Scott and 112 degrees F in Topeka Kansas. [1]
July 19
  • First railroad reaches Kansas. [1]
July 25
  • First US intercollegiate billard match (Harvard vs Yales). [1]
August 3
  • American Canoe Association founded at Lake George New York. [1]
August 8
  • Queen of Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) arrives in New York City. [1]
August 11
  • Nation's first successful silver mill (Virginia City, Nev). [1]
September 7
  • Excursion steamer "Lady Elgin" drowns 340 in Lake Michigan. [1]
September 8
  • Loss of steamer, "Lady Elgin". [1]
September 20
  • First British royalty to visit US, Prince of Wales (King Edward VII). [1]
October 8
  • Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens. [1]
October 12
  • British and French troops capture Peking. [1]
  • Sir Henry G W Smith leader of British-Indian forces, dies at 73. [1]
October 13
  • First aerial photo taken in US (from a balloon), Boston. [1]
October 15
  • 11-year-old Grace Bedell writes to Lincoln, tells him to grow a beard. [1]
November 6
  • Abraham Lincoln (Republican-Illinois-Representative) elected 16th President. [1]
November 11
  • First Jewish wedding in Buenos Aires Argentina. [1]
December 7
  • Constantine S Aksakov Russian historian/poet, dies at 43. [1]
December 17
  • Anaheim Township created in Los Angeles County. [1]
December 24
  • Joseph Jefferson's "Rip Van Winkle" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]
December 26
  • Maiden voyage of first steamship owned by one man (C Vanderbilt). [1]
December 28
  • Cornelius Broere Dutch Roman Catholic clergyman/poet, dies at 57. [1]

1861

January 1
  • Porfirio Diaz conquers Mexico City. [1]
January 2
  • Death of Friedrich Wilhelm IV in Sanssoci Palace, Potsdam, Germany; King of Prussia (1840-61). [1] [37]
  • Wilhelm I becomes the Prussian King. [37]
January 6
  • New York City, New York mayor proposes New York become a free city, trading with N and S. [1]
January 11
  • Mexico City captured by Juárez (Liberal) in War of the Reform. [1]
January 12
  • Václav Hanka Czech author/translator/forger, dies at 69. [1]
January 15
  • Steam elevator patented by Elisha Otis. [1]
January 17
  • Flush toilet (with separate water tank and a pull chain) patented by Mr Thomas Crapper (Honest!). [1]
January 23
  • Agoston Haraszthy, first vintner in Sonoma Valley, imports 100,000 cuttings of 350 varieties from Europe. [1]
January 29
  • Kansas becomes 34th state. [1]
January 31
  • Franciscus J van Vree Dutch Catholic foreman, dies at 53. [1]
  • Friedrich Hebbel's "Siegfrieds Tod" premieres in Weimar. [1]
  • State of Louisiana takes over US Mint at New Orleans. [1]
February 1
  • Dike breaks in Gelderland Netherlands. [1]
February 5
  • First moving picture peep show machine is patented by Samuel Goodale of Cincinnati. [1]
  • Kinematoscope patented by Coleman Sellers, Philadelphia Pennsylvania. [1]
February 6
  • English Admiral Robert Ritzroy issues first storm warnings for ships. [1]
February 10
  • Francis Danby Exmouth, painter, dies. [1]
February 11
  • President-elect Lincoln takes train from Spingfield Illinois to Washington DC. [1]
February 12
  • Hippolyte-Andre-Baptiste Chelard composer, dies at 72. [1]
February 13
  • Abraham Lincoln declared President. [1]
  • Colonel Bernard Irwin attacks and defeats hostile Chiricahua Indians. [1]
February 18
  • King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia becomes first king of Italy. [1]
  • Louis C Luzac Dutch minister of Internal affairs, dies at 74. [1]
February 19
  • Russian Tsar Alexander II abolishes serfdom. [1]
February 20
  • Steeple of Chichester Cathedral blown down during a storm. [1]
February 21
  • Navaho Indians elect Herrero Grande as chief. [1]
February 22
  • On a bet Edward Weston leaves Boston to walk to Lincoln's inauguration. [1]
February 23
  • Dutch Premier Floris A van Hall resigns. [1]
  • President-elect Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington DC to take office. [1]
February 27
  • US Congress authorizes first stamped newspaper wrappers for mailing. [1]
  • Warsaw Massacre Russians fire on crowd demonstrating against Russian rule of Poland. [1]
February 28
  • Territories of Nevada and Colorado created. [1]
March 2
  • Government Printing Office purchases first printing plant, Washington DC. [1]
  • US Congress creates Dakota and Nevada Territories out of the Nebraska and Utah territories. [1]
March 3
  • Russian Tsar Alexander II abolishes serfdom. [1]
March 4
  • Lincoln inaugurated as 16th President; first time US has five former Presidents living. [1]
  • President Lincoln opens Government Printing Office. [1]
March 10
  • Josepf François Snel composer, dies at 67. [1]
March 14
  • Abraham Louis Niedermeyer composer, dies at 58. [1]
March 17
  • Italy declares independence; Kingdom of Italy proclaimed. [1]
  • Petter Conrad Boman composer, dies at 56. [1]
March 22
  • First US nursing school chartered. [1]
March 23
  • London's first tramcars, designed by Mr Train of New York, begins operating. [1]
March 27
  • Black demonstrators in Charleston staged ride-ins on street cars. [1]
April 8
  • Elisha G Otis US elevator builder (Otis), dies at 50. [1]
April 18
  • Heinrich August Neithardt composer, dies at 67. [1]
April 19
  • Baltimore riots - four soldiers, 9 civilians killed. [1]
April 30
  • President Abraham Lincoln ordered Federal Troops to evacuate Indian Territory. [1]
May 3
  • Anthony Philip Heinrich composer, dies at 80. [1]
May 8
  • Láseló Teleki Hungarian earl/revolutionary, commits suicide. [1]
May 12
  • Christian Heinrich Hohmann composer, dies at 50. [1]
May 18
  • Friedrich Hebbels "Kriemhildes Rache" premieres in Weimar. [1]
May 20
  • Cornerstone of University of Washington laid in Seattle. [1]
May 24
  • Elmer Ellsworth US warrior (Chicago Zouaves), shot to death at 23. [1]
  • James T Jackson US landlord (doodde EE Ellsworth), shot dead). [1]
May 25
  • John Merryman is arrested under suspension of writ of habeas corpus it later sparks a supreme court decision protecting the writ. [1]
May 31
  • Mint at New Orleans closes. [1]
June 19
  • Anaheim Post Office established. [1]
June 28
  • Leipzig Observatory discovers short-period (6.2 years) Comet d'Arrest. [1]
July 1
  • First public schoolhouse opens at Washington and Mason Street, San Francisco. [1]
July 3
  • Pony Express arrives in San Francisco with overland letters from New York. [1]
July 17
  • US Congress authorizes paper money. [1]
July 20
  • Confederate state's congress began holding sessions in Richmond, Virginia. [1]
August 5
  • US Army abolishes flogging. [1]
  • US levies its first Income Tax (3% of incomes over $800). [1]
August 8
  • William Bateson, originator of term "genetics". [1]
September 17
  • First day school for freedmen forms at Fortress Monroe Virginia. [1]
September 25
  • Secretary of US Navy authorizes enlistment of slaves. [1]
October 24
  • First transcontinental telegram sent ending the Pony Express. [1]
October 26
  • The Pony Express officially ceases operations. [5]
November 4
  • University of Washington founded in Seattle. [1]
November 26
  • At Wheeling, a convention adopts a constitution for new state West Virginia. [1]
December 5
  • Gatling gun patented. [1]
December 14
  • Albert prince consort of England and husband of Queen Victoria, dies at 42. [1]
  • George HG earl of Aberdeen English Minister of Foreign affairs, dies at 76. [1]
  • Heinrich August Marschner composer, dies at 66. [1]
December 15
  • Gualtiero Sanelli composer, dies at 45. [1]
December 16
  • Karol Joseph Lipinski composer, dies at 71. [1]
December 26
  • In Tilsit, Germany, Emil Wiechert is born; pioneer in the science of seismology. [53]
  • Philip Saint George Cocke Confederate Brigadier-General, commits suicide at 52. [1]
December 30
  • American banks stops payments in gold. [1]
December 31
  • 22,990 mm of rain falls in Cherrapunji Assam in 1861, world record. [1]

End of 1860-1861. Next: 1862.
The complete timeline can be purchased in a PDF file for US$10 from the author.

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start-302 303-599 600-799 800-999 1000-1099 1100-1199 1200-1299 1300-1401 1402-1449 1450-1474
1475-1499 1500-1524 1525-1539 1540-1559 1560-1574 1575-1599 1600-1619 1620-1629 1630-1639 1640-1649
1650-1659 1660-1669 1670-1679 1680-1699 1700-1719 1720-1739 1740-1749 1750-1759 1760-1769 1770-1779
1780-1784 1785-1789 1790-1794 1795-1799 1800-1804 1805-1809 1810-1814 1815-1819 1820-1824 1825-1829
1830-1834 1835-1839 1840-1844 1845-1849 1850-1854 1855-1859 1860-1861 1862-1864 1865-1867 1868-1869
1870-1871 1872-1874 1875-1877 1878-1879 1880-1882 1883-1884 1885-1887 1888-1889 1890-1892 1893-1894
1895-1897 1898-1899 1900-1901 1902-1904 1905-1907 1908-1909 1910-1911 1912 1913 1914
1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920-1921 1922 1923 1924 1925
1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935
1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945
1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955
1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965
1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975
1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
2006 2007 2008


A list of references to all source material is available.

Other web pages of interest:

  • This Day in History
  • Chronology of Sports
  • Chronology of Gambling
  • Chronology of Extreme Weather
  • Chronology of World War II
  • Chronology of Space Exploration
  • Chronology of Sweden
  • Chronology of Personal Computers
  • Chronology of Notable Births
  • Chronology of Notable Deaths
  • Last updated: 2008 April 30.
    Copyright © 2007-2008 Ken Polsson (email: kpolsson@islandnet.com).
    URL: http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/worldhis/
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