- March 20
- French army defeats Turks at Helipolis Turkey, and advance to Cairo. [1]
- April 15
- Birth of James Clark Ross; explorer (British Antarctic), discovers magnetic North Pole. [1]
- April 24
- US Library of Congress is established with $5,000 allocation. [1] [1019.598]
- May 15
- King George III survives a second assassination attempt. [1]
- Pope Pius VII calls on French bishops to return to Gospel principles. [1]
- September 7
- Zion AME Church dedicated (New York City, New York, USA). [1]
- October 1
- Spain cedes Louisiana to France in a secret treaty. [1]
- November 17
- US Congress meets for the first time in Washington, D.C. [1] [129]
- December 12
- Washington, District of Columbia, is established as capital of USA. [1]
- December 24
- A bomb explodes in Paris, France, just after First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte passes, killing his escort. [487.29]
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1801
- January 1
- Ireland and Great Britain (England and Scotland) form United Kingdom. [1]
- February 9
- France and Austrian sign Peace of Lunéville. [1]
- February 17
- US House of Representatives breaks electoral college tie, chooses Thomas Jefferson as President over Aaron Burr. [1]
- March 1
- The London stock exchange is founded. [480.56] [706.70] [784.74]
- March 8
- British drive French forces from Abukir, Egypt. [1]
- March 24
- Aleksandr P Romanov becomes emperor of Russia. [1]
- April 8
- Soldiers riot in Bucharest, kill 128 Jews. [1]
- June 10
- Tripoli declares war on US for refusing tribute. [1]
- (month unknown)
- The first asteroid is spotted in space. [526.118]
- October 30
- A meteorite strikes a house near Horringer-mill, Suffolk, England, burning it and a stable to the ground. [521]
1802
- January 25
- Napoleon elected President of the Italian (Cisalpine) Republic. [1]
- March 16
- The United States Military Academy is founded by Congress for the purpose of educating and training young men in the theory and practice of military science. [1] [129]
- March 25
- France, Netherlands, Spain, and England sign Peace of Amiens, ending French Revolutionary War. [1]
- March 28
- Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers discovers 2 Pallas, the second asteroid known to man. [5]
- April 8
- French Protestant church becomes state-supported and state-controlled. [1]
- April 29
- King George III designates the Marines as a Royal Corps. [696.25] [857.26]
- May 3
- Washington, District of Columbia, incorporates as a city. [1]
- All foreign gold and silver coins cease to be legal tender in the USA for three years. [403.60] [491.48]
- May 19
- French Order of Légion d'Honneur forms. [1]
- (month unknown)
- English chemist Edward Charles Howard publishes analysis of several meteorites, providing first chemical link between stony and iron meteorites that had fallen at different times and in different places. [523.21]
- December 2
- English sell Suriname to Dutch. [1]
1803
- January 11
- US Minister to France Robert Livingston and James Monroe sail for Paris to buy New Orleans; they buy Louisiana. [1]
- February 14
- Apple parer patented by Moses Coats, Downington, Pennsylvania, USA. [1]
- February 21
- Edward Despard is last person drawn and quartered in England. [1]
- February 25
- 1,800 sovereign German states unite into 60 states. [1]
- February 27
- Great fire in Bombay, India. [1]
- March 1
- Ohio becomes 17th state to join the USA. [1] [453.70]
- April 17
- Napoleon Bonaparte tells brother Lucien it is worthwhile selling Louisiana to the Americans, as they (the French) are sure to lose it: "... for the English... are aching for a chance to capture it." [919.114]
- April 26
- A large shower of several thousand stony meteorites occurs near town of L'Aigle in Northern France. Physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot writes official report for French Ministry of Interior, that establishes acceptance that stones sometimes do fall to Earth. [1] [523.21] [526.117]
- April 30
- The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory (nearly 1 million square miles) from France for $15 million, doubling the size of the country. [1] [5]
- May 2
- Robert Livingston of the US signs Treaty of Cession for Louisiana Purchase. [919.115]
- May 17
- John Hawkins and Richard French patent the Reaping Machine. [1]
- May 18
- Britain declares war on France after General Napoleon Bonaparte continues interfering in Italy and Switzerland. [1]
- July 23
- Robert Emmett's insurrected in Dublin, Ireland, begins. [1]
- September 23
- Battle of Assaye: British-Indian forces beat Maratha Army. [1]
- October 20
- US Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase. [1]
- November 18
- Battle of Vertieres, in which Haitians defeat French. [1]
- November 30
- Spain cedes her claims to Louisiana Territory to France. [1]
- December 17
- Louisiana Purchase formally transferred from France to US for $27 million. [1] [919.115]
1804
- January 1
- General Jean-Jacques Dessalines proclaims independence of Haiti from France, with himself as Emperor of Haiti. [1] [597.57] [1144.243] [1166.244]
- January 30
- Mungo Park leaves England seeking source of Niger River. [1]
- February 14
- In a Serbian village, Black George Petrovic leads a revolt against the Ottoman Empire. [1395.8]
- February 16
- US Lieutenant Stephen Decatur raids Tripoli Harbor and burns US Navy frigate Philadelphia after pirates seized it. [1]
- February 21
- First locomotive, Richard Trevithick's, runs for first time, in Wales. [1]
- February 26
- Vice-Admiral William Bligh ends siege of Fort Amsterdam, Willemstad. [1]
- March 21
- Death of Louis Antoine Henri de Bourbon-Conde, Duke of Enghien, at Vincennes, executed by firing squad. [487.29]
- French civil Code of Napoleon adopted. [1]
- March 26
- US Congress orders removal of Indians east of Mississippi to Louisiana. [1]
- March 29
- Thousands of Whites massacred in Haiti. [1]
- April 28
- 31 English ships sail Suriname river, demanding transition colony. [1]
- April 30
- Hague's Theater opens. [1]
- May 6
- Suriname sold to English. [1]
- May 10
- William Pitt becomes British chancellor of the exchequer for the third time. [404.44]
- May 14
- The Meriwether Lewis and William Clark expedition of about 45 men leaves Saint Louis, Missouri, on a mission to explore the Northwest from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. [1] [129]
- May 16
- Senate and Tribune declare Napolean leader of France. [1]
- May 18
- Napoleon Bonaparte proclaimed Emperor of France. [1]
- July 11
- US Vice President Aaron Burr kills Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton in a pistol duel near Weehawken. [1] [677.28]
- December 1
- Emperor Napoleon marries Joséphine of Martinique. [1]
- December 2
- Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned first emperor of France in Paris by Pope Pius VII. [1]
- December 5
- Thomas Jefferson is re-elected US President, with George Clinton as Vice-President. [1]
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