- (month unknown)
- The Millbillillie achondrite meteorite falls in Western Australia. [523.87]
- A meteor shower occurs over Bruderheim, Alberta, Canada. 700 stony meteorites totally 300 kg are recovered. [561.10]
- July 1
- The former Dominion of Ghana becomes a republic. [700.47A]
- Italian Somalia gains independence, unites with Somali Republic. [1]
- July 4
- America's new 50-star flag honoring Hawaiian statehood first unfurled. [1]
- July 7
- USSR shoots down a US aircraft over Barents sea. [1]
- July 8
- CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage by the Soviet Union. [129]
- July 11
- Ivory Coast, Dahomey, Upper Volta, and Niger declare independence. [1]
- July 14
- Fire rages through a Guatemala City, Guatemala insane asylum, killing 225, severly injuring 300. [1]
- July 20
- First submerged submarine to fire Polaris missile (George Washington). [1]
- July 21
- The country of Katanga forms in Africa. [1]
- July 31
- Elijah Muhammad, leader of Nation of Islam, calls for a black state. [1]
- August 1
- Benin (Dahomey) gains independence from France. [1]
- August 3
- Niger gains independence from France. [1]
- August 4
- Rocket propelled US Air Force research aircraft sets record at 2,150 MPH. [1]
- August 5
- Upper Volta (Burkina Faso) gains independence from France. [1]
- August 7
- Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) gains independence from France. [1]
- August 10
- Discoverer 13 launched into orbit; returned first object from space. [1]
- August 11
- Chad declares independence from France. [1]
- August 12
- Echo I, first communications satellite, is launched. [1] [5]
- August 13
- Central African Republic proclaims independence from France. [1]
- August 15
- Congo (Brazzaville) gains independence from France. [1] [707.497]
- August 16
- Britain grants independence to crown colony of Cyprus. [1]
- Joseph Kittinger parachutes from balloon at 31,330m (84,700 feet). [1]
- Republic of the Congo forms. [1]
- August 17
- CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers is found guilty of espionage by the Soviet Union, sentenced to ten years in prison. [1] [129]
- Gabon gains independence from France. [1]
- August 18
- First commercially-produced oral contraceptive marketed by G.D. Searle Drug Company of Skokie, Illinois, called Enovid 10. [55.25]
- First photograph bounced off a satellite, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. [1]
- August 19
- The Soviet Union launches the Sputnik 5 satellite with dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants. [1] [5]
- August 20
- Senegal breaks from the Mali federation, declaring independence. [1] [5]
- August 23
- World's largest frog (3.3kg) caught in Equatorial Guinea. [1]
- August 24
- A world-record low temperature (-88 degrees Celsuis, -127 degrees Fahrenheit) is measured in Vostok, Antarctica. [1] [5] [614.8]
- 60 people die when bus plunges off bridge into Turvo River, Brazil. [1]
- August 29
- Prime Minister Hazza el-Majali of Jordan is assassinated. [1]
- September 17
- Cuba nationalizes American-owned banks. [437.80]
- September 20
- United Nations General Assembly admits 13 African countries and Cyprus (total 96 nations). [1]
- September 24
- The USS Enterprise aircraft carrier is launched at Newport News, Virginia. This is the world's first nuclear-powered carrier, also the most powerful warship ever built, at 300,000 horsepower, the longest at 1101.5 feet, and costliest at US$445 million. The ship was designed to accomodate 100 aircraft. [1] [55.13]
- International Development Association (UN agency) comes into existence. [1]
- September 26
- Longest speech in United Nations history (4 hours, 29 mins, by Fidel Castro). [1]
- October 1
- Nigeria gains independence from Great Britain. [1]
- October 4
- Courier 1B launched; first active repeater satellite in orbit. [1]
- October 5
- Eastern Air Lines' Electra turbo-prop crashes in Boston Harbor (61 die). [1]
- October 12
- Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe at United Nations General Assembly session. [1]
- October 18
- In Britain, the News Chronicle and Daily Mail merge, and The London Evening Star merges with the Evening News. [1]
- October 19
- France grants Mauritania independence. [1]
- The US imposes an embargo on exports to Cuba. [1]
- October 20
- First fully mechanized post office opened, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. [1]
- October 24
- Disaster on USSR launch pad, kills missile expert Nedelin and team (unconfirmed); USSR claims he was killed in plane crash. [1]
- October 25
- First electronic wrist watch placed on sale, New York City. [1]
- October 30
- Michael Woodruff performs the first successful kidney transplant in the United Kingdom at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary. [5]
- November 1
- Benelux treaty goes into effect. [1]
- November 8
- John Kennedy (Massachusetts-Democrat-Senator) beats Vice President Richard Nixon (Republican) for US President. [1]
- November 13
- Fire in movie theater kills 152 children (Amude, Spain). [1]
- November 14
- Two passenger trains collide at high-speed killing 110 (Czechoslovakia). [1]
- November 23
- Tiros 2, a weather satellite is launched. [1]
- November 25
- First atomic reactor for research and development opens, Richland, Washington. [1]
- November 28
- Mauritania gains independence from France. [1]
- December 5
- Ghana drops diplomatic relations with Belgium. [1]
- December 11
- Black Sunday - Riot in Algiers, 114 die. [1]
- December 13
- Laos General Fumi Nosavang occupies Vientiane. [1]
- December 14
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) forms. [1]
- December 15
- King Boudouin of Belgium marries doña Fabiola de Mora y Aragon. [1]
- December 16
- 134 die as United DC-8 and TWA Super Constellation collide over Staten Island, New York City, New York. [1]
- December 18
- General Meeting of United Nations condemns apartheid. [1]
- December 20
- Former Auschwitz-commandant Richard Bär arrested in German Federal Republic. [1]
- December 23
- De Quay's Dutch government falls. [1]
- King Saudi of Saudi-Arabia takes power. [1]
- December 24
- Dutch bishops question papacy values. [1]
- December 27
- France performs nuclear test. [1]
- December 31
- The United Kingdom demonetizes the farthing as a unit of currency. [1002.490]
- Year
- Total amount of legal bets on horse racing in the USA: US$3 billion. [80.188]
- Total New York state bets on all forms of animal racing: over US$1 billion. [80.205]
- In Belgium, total betting on horse racing totals US$13.6 million. [80.331]
- In Canada, total pari-mutuel betting on horse races through the Department of Agriculture: US$141.4 million. [80.333]
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