1870

January 2

• Ernst Barlach is born in Wedel, Germany; Expressionist sculptor and dramatist, Der Tote Tag, Der Findling, Die Sündflut. [1] [37]

January 3

• Birth of Henry Eichheim composer. [1]
• Birth of Henry Handel Richardson Australia, novelist (Richard Mahoney). [1]

January 6

• Birth of Gustav Bauer in Darkehmen, Germany; German chancellor when Scheidemann resigned in protest against the terms demanded by the Treaty of Versailles. [37]

January 8

• Birth of Miguel Primo de Rivera Orbaneja dictator of Spain (1923-30). [1]

January 9

• Birth of Joseph B Strauss civil engineer/builder (Golden Gate Bridge). [1]

January 13

• Birth of Henryk Opienski Polish composer/conductor (Saint Moniuszko). [1]

January 15

• Birth of Johan Peter Koch Danish officer/explorer (Greenland). [1]

January 16

• Birth of Wilhelm Normann German chemist (hardening of oils). [1]

January 18

• Birth of Berend Modderman printer (Drukkers yearbook). [1]

January 20

• Birth of Guillaume Jean Joseph Nicolas Lekeu composer. [1]

January 22

• Birth of Charles Arnold Tournemire composer. [1]

February 3

• Birth of Ada Negri Italian poet/author (Il Libro di Mara). [1]

February 7

• Birth of Alfred Adler Austria, psychiatrist (Inferiority Complex). [1]

February 10

• Birth of Fritz Klimsch German sculptor/painter. [1]

February 13

• Birth of Leopold Godowsky Lithuania, virtuoso pianist/composer. [1]

February 17

• Birth of Louis de Raet Belgian economist/founder (Flemish People's Party). [1]

February 20

• Birth of Pieter Cornelis Boutens Holland, mystic poet/scholar (Verzen). [1]

February 27

• Birth of Louis Coerne composer. [1]

March 5

• Birth of [B] Franc[lin] Norris US, writer (McTeague, Octopus). [1]

March 6

• Birth of Oscar Straus Vienna Austria, composer (Ein Walzertraum). [1]

March 10

• Birth of Alfred Kastner composer. [1]

March 20

• Birth of Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck Prussian General/politician (East Africa). [1]

April 4

• Birth of George A Smith Salt Lake City Utah, 8th president of Mormon church. [1]

April 7

• Birth of Gustav Landauer German socialist. [1]
• Birth of Joseph Ryeland Belgian composer/Baron. [1]

April 14

• Birth of Syd Gregory cricketer (Australian batsman in 58 Tests 1890-1912). [1]

April 17

• Birth of Ray Stannard Baker US, journalist (Puliter Prize 1940). [1]

April 20

• Birth of Simeon Roncal composer. [1]

April 22

• Birth of Nikolai Lenin [Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov] Bolshevik/USSR revolutionist. [1]

April 28

• Birth of Hermann Suter composer. [1]

April 30

• Birth of Franz Lehar operetta composer (Naughty Marietta). [1]

May 6

• Birth of Amedos Peter Giannini San Jose California, founded Bank of America. [1]
• Birth of John McClutcheon cartoonist (Pulitzer Prize-1931). [1]

May 14

• Birth of Zygmunt Denis Antoni Stojowski composer. [1]

May 24

• Birth of Jan Christian Smuts proponent of Commonwealth and League of Nations. [1]

May 27

• Birth of Lionel Palairet cricketer (elegant England bat in the Golden Age). [1]

June 17

• Birth of George Cormack created "Wheaties" cereal. [1]

July 3

• Birth of Richard B Bennett (Conservative) 11th Canadian Prime Minister (1930-35). [1]

July 24

• Birth of Fred Law Olmsted Jr architect/landscaper. [1]

July 27

• Birth of Joseph Hilaire Belloc England, author (Path to Rome). [1]

August 4

• Birth of Sir Harry Lauder Scotland, comedian/singer (Roman in the Gloamin). [1]

August 7

• Birth of 19 kittens born to Tarawood Antigone (4 still born). [1]

August 17

• Birth of Frederick Russell developed first successful typhoid fever vaccine. [1]

August 19

• Birth of Bernard Baruch; financier/presidential adviser (dies 1965). [1] [5]

August 31

• Birth of Maria Montessori Italy, educator (spontaneous response). [1]

September 18

• Birth of Clark Wissler anthropologist (American Indian). [1]

September 23

• Birth of John Lomax Mississippi, folk song collector/ethnomusicologist. [1]

September 24

• Birth of Georges Claude inventor (neon light). [1]

September 28

• Birth of Florent Schmitt Blâmont France, composer (Frédégonde). [1]

September 30

• Birth of Jean Perrin France, physicist, studied Brownian motion (Nobel Prize 1926). [1]

October 7

• Birth of Uncle Dave Macon entertainer. [1]

October 22

• Birth of Ivan Bunin Russia, poet/novelist (Gentleman from SF-Nobel Prize 1933). [1]

December 2

• Birth of Francis Louis Casadesus French violinist/composer/conductor. [1]

December 5

• Birth of Viteslav Augustin Rudolf Novák Slovak composer (Quasi una ballata). [1]

December 6

• Birth of William S Hart actor, silent Westerns (Wild Bill Hickok, Tumbleweeds). [1]

December 10

• Birth of Adolf Loos Austria architect (building of houses). [1]
• Birth of Pierre Louis France, novelist/poet (Aphrodite, Woman and Puppet). [1]
• Birth of Rudolf W Canne Fries playwright (Der de Wier Us). [1]
• Birth of T R McKibbin cricketer (New South Wales and Australia off-spinner late 19th century). [1]

December 14

• Birth of Dirk J de Geer Dutch premier (1926-29, 39-40). [1]
• Birth of Karl Renner Austrian Chancellor/President (1918-20, 45-50). [1]

December 15

• Birth of Josef Hoffmann Austrian architect. [1]

December 18

• Birth of Andres Randolf Denmark; actor (The Kiss). [1]
• Birth of D T Suzuki Kanazawa Japan, Zen Buddhist scholar. [1]
• Birth of Saki (Hector Hugo Munro) Burma, author (Reginald, When William Came). [1]

December 20

• Birth of Pieter C Boutens Dutch poet (Voices, Carmina). [1]

December 23

• Birth of John Marin painter (1948 Fine Arts Medal). [1]

December 24

• Birth of Rosario Scalero composer. [1]

December 31

• Birth of Thomas Connolly baseball's major league umpire for 50 years. [1]

1871

January 5

• Birth of Frederick Shepherd Converse Newton Massachusetts, composer. [1]

January 9

• Birth of Charles Kortright British cricket player. [1]

January 10

• Birth of Enrica Freiin von Handel-Manzetti Austrian author (Jesse and Maria). [1]

January 12

• Birth of Paul Guthnick German astronomer. [1]

January 14

• Birth of Pauline Beersmans [van Cuyck], Flemish actress (Hofslachter). [1]

January 15

• Birth of Bertram Shapleigh composer. [1]

January 18

• Birth of Franz Blei [Peregrinus Steinhövel], Austrian painter/critic. [1]

January 22

• Birth of Leon Jessel composer. [1]

January 26

• Birth of Warner Fabian [Samuel H Adams], US journalist/writer (Average Jones). [1]

January 29

• Birth of Eduardo Lopez-Chavarri y Marco composer. [1]

January 30

• Birth of Seymour Hicks Saint Helier Jersey; actor-manager (Scrooge). [1]
• Birth of Wilfred Lucas; actor (Pardon Us, Chump at Oxford). [1]

February 5

• Birth of Jovan Ducic Serbian poet (Blue Legends). [1]

February 7

• Birth of Karl Wilhelm Eugen Stenhammer composer. [1]

February 9

• Birth of Franc S Finzgar Slovenian clergyman/writer (Our Blood). [1]
• Birth of Howard T Ricketts US pathologist (studied typhus fever). [1]

February 25

• Birth of Oliver Samuel Campbell tennis champion (US Open-1890). [1]

March 5

• Birth of Maria do Carmo Geronimo Brazilian lives to be at least 126. [1]

March 15

• Birth of Betsy van den Arend Dutch [Betje], actress (Miss Hobbs). [1]

March 19

• Birth of Joseph McGinnity Rock Island Illinois, baseball pitcher (New York Giants). [1]
• Birth of Schofield Haigh cricketer ("Sunshine of the Yorkshire 11"). [1]

March 24

• Birth of Sir Ernest Rutherford nuclear scientist. [1]

March 25

• Birth of John Gutzon Borglum sculptor (Mount Rushmore). [1]

March 26

• Birth of Serafín Alvarez Quintéro Spanish dramatist/playwright (El Flechazo). [1]

March 27

• Birth of Heinrich Mann Germany, novelist/essayist (Blue Angel); brother of Thomas. [1]
• Birth of Petrus J M Aalberse Dutch minister of Labor (1918-25). [1]

March 28

• Birth of Willem Mengelberg Utrecht Netherlands, conductor (New York Philharmonic 1922-30). [1]

March 29

• Birth of Tom Hayward cricketer (great England batsman of the Golden Age). [1]

April 1

• Birth of F Melius Christiansen composer. [1]

April 3

• Birth of José Juan Tablada Mexican poet (El Florilegio). [1]

April 5

• Birth of Jeanne Bougeois [La Mistinguette], artist (French revue). [1]

April 6

• Birth of Alexander grandson of England's Queen Victoria. [1]

April 9

• Birth of Arthur Fickenscher composer. [1]

April 12

• Birth of Ioannis Metaxas Greek General/dictator (1936-41). [1]

April 16

• Birth of John Millington Synge Ireland, dramatist/poet (Riders to the Sea). [1]
• Birth of Martin Lunssens composer. [1]

April 18

• Birth of Henry Stephenson British West Indies; actor (Conquest, Little Old New York, Mr Lucky). [1]

April 20

• Birth of William Henry Davies Wales, poet (Autobiography of a Super Tramp). [1]

April 21

• Birth of Leo Blech composer. [1]
• Birth of Vojtech Rihovsky composer. [1]

April 25

• Birth of Sara Amsel Indonesian/Dutch actress. [1]

April 27

• Birth of Arthur Finlay Nevin composer. [1]

April 29

• Birth of Louis William Stern German/US philosopher (Intelligence of Children). [1]

May 4

• Birth of Mynona writer. [1]

May 5

• Birth of Alberto Cametti composer. [1]

May 6

• Birth of August Reusner composer. [1]
• Birth of Ch Morgenstern writer. [1]

May 8

• Birth of [Émile M] Louis Madelin French historian (French revolutionary). [1]

May 17

• Birth of Henricus P Bremmer art historian (Modern Kunstwerken). [1]

May 18

• Birth of Franiska zu Reventlow writer. [1]

May 23

• Birth of Sigurd Lie composer. [1]

May 26

• Birth of Camille Huysmans Belgian premier (1946-47). [1]

May 27

• Birth of Georges-Henri Rouault Fr expressionist painter (Miserere et Guerre). [1]

June 17

• Birth of James Weldon Johnson lawyer, first black admitted to Florida Bar. [1]

July 10

• Birth of Marcel Proust in France; novelist (Remembrance of Things Past). [1] [5]

July 29

• Birth of [Gregory Efimovich] Rasputin the mad Russian monk. [1]

August 3

• Birth of Vernon Louis Parrington critic/educator/author (Pulitzer 1928). [1]

August 19

• Birth of Orville Wright; aviator (dies 1948). [1] [5]

August 27

• Birth of Theodore Dreiser US, novelist (Sister Carrie, American Tragedy). [1]

August 30

• Birth of Ernest Lord Rutherford England, physicist; discovered atomic nucleus. [1]

September 12

• Birth of Prince Friedrich of Liechtenstein, Romania. [1]

October 2

• Birth of Cordell Hull US Secretary of State (1933-44), lowered tariffs (Nobel Prize 1945). [1]

October 14

• Birth of Alexander von Zemlinsky Vienna Austria, composer (Der Schneeman). [1]

October 30

• Birth of Paul Valéry France, poet/essayist/critic (La Jeune). [1]

November 1

• Birth of Stephen Crane US, novelist/poet (Red Badge of Courage). [1]

December 1

• Birth of Archie MacLaren cricketer (424 Lancashire versus Somerset 1895). [1]

December 13

• Birth of Herman T Colenbrander Dutch historian. [1]
• Birth of Russell W Porter Vermont, explorer (Alaska). [1]

December 20

• Birth of Henry Kimball Hadley composer. [1]

December 24

• Birth of Henri Stroethoff Dutch actor (A Chique Little Boy). [1]