1400

December 22

• Birth of Luca della Robbia Italy, sculptor (Madonna of Rose Garden). [1]

1403

January 11

• Birth of Jan IV Duke of Brabant/Limburg. [1]

February 22

• Birth of Charles VII king of France (1422-61), drove out English. [1]

1404

February 9

• Birth of Constantine XI Dragases last Byzantine Emperor. [1]

February 18

• Birth of Leon B Alberti Italian humanist/architect (Della Pittura). [1]

1405

March 6

• Birth of Johan II King of Castille. [1]

1406

January 13

• Birth of Matteo Palmieri Italian writer (Della vita civile). [1]

1409

March 2

• Birth of John II French duke of Alençon/co-fighter of Jeanne d'arc. [1]

1410

April 27

• Birth of John Van Lannoy Flemish Governor of Holland/Zealand/West Frisia. [1]

1412

January 6

• Birth of Joan of Arc Domremy, martyr. [1]

1415

September 21

• Birth of Frederick III Innsbruck Austria, German Emperor (1440-1493). [1]

1416

March 27

• Birth of Antonio Squarcialupi composer. [1]

1417

February 21

• Birth of Louis IX Duke of Bayern (University of Ingolstadt). [1]

February 23

• Birth of Paul II [Pietro Barbo], Italy, Pope (1464-71). [1]

March 21

• Birth of St. Nicholas of Flüe in Flüeli, Switzerland; judge, hermit. [37]

1421

December 6

• Birth of Henry VI king of England (1422-61, 1470-71). [1]

1422

August 13

• Birth of William Caxton first English printer (Histories of Troy). [1]

1423

July 3

• Birth of Louis XI king of France (1461-83). [1]

1428

December 22

• Birth of Richard Neville Warwick second earl of Salisbury. [1]

1431

January 1

• Birth of Alexander VI [Rodrigo Borgia] Spanish/Italian pope (1492-1503). [1]

1432

January 15

• Birth of Afonso V "the African" king of Portugal (1438-1481). [1]

March 30

• Birth of Mehmed II [Fâtih] Sultan of Turkey (1451-81). [1]

August 15

• Birth of Luigi Pulci Italy, poet (Morgante). [1]

1435

October 20

• Birth of Andrea Della Robbia Florence, sculptor, nephew of Luca. [1]

1436

June 6

• Birth of Regiomontanus (Johann Müller) in Königsberg; responsible for modern rediscovery of trigonometry from Greek manuscripts on Ptolemy. [1] [37]

1438

February 12

• Birth of Adolf van Egmond duke of Gelre/earl of Zutphen. [1]

April 3

• Birth of John III van Egmont [Manke John], viceroy of Holland. [1]

1440

January 22

• Birth of Ivan III the Great, Russian czar (1462-1505)/conquered Lithuania. [1]

February 13

• Birth of Hartmann Schedel German physician/humanist/historian. [1]

February 22

• Birth of Ladislaus V Posthumus King of Hungary/Bohemia. [1]

1441

February 9

• Birth of Ali Sjir Neva'i [Fani] Turkish poet/author (Mahbub al-kulub). [1]

March 24

• Birth of Ernst I elector of Saxon (1464-86). [1]

1442

April 20

• Birth of Edward IV King (England, 1461-83). [1]

April 28

• Birth of Edward IV king of England (1461-70, 1471-83). [1]

1443

December 4

• Birth of Pope Julius II (1503-13), patron of Michelangelo, Bramante, Raphael. [1]

1444

February 17

• Birth of Rudolf Agricola [Roelof Huysman], Dutch humanist/organist. [1]

May 17

• Birth of Sandro Botticelli Italian painter (Birth of Venus). [1]

1446

May 3

• Birth of Margaretha English princess/duchess of Bourgondie. [1]

1449

January 1

• Birth of Lorenzo de' Medici [The Magnificent] of Florence. [1]

January 11

• Birth of Domenico Ghirlandajo Italy, renaissance painter. [1]

1451

January 14

• Birth of Franchinus Gaffurius composer. [1]

April 22

• Birth of Isabella I of Castile, Queen of Spain (1479-1504), patron of Columbus. [1]

May 17

• Birth of Engelbert II earl of Nassau-Dillenburg-Dietz/viceroy of Luxembourg. [1]

1452

March 10

• Birth of Ferdinand II the Catholic, King of Aragon/Sicily (expelled Jews). [1]

April 15

• Birth of Leonardo da Vinci in Italy; painter/sculptor/scientist/visionary (dies 1519). [1] [5]

September 21

• Birth of Girolamo Savonarola Florentine monk/preacher/reformer. [1]

December 22

• Birth of Jakob Obrecht Brabant, composer. [1]

1454

March 9

• Birth of Amerigo Vespucci; explorer. [1]

1455

February 22

• Birth of Johannes Reuchlin in Pforzheim, Germany; scholar of ancient Greek and Latin. [37]

May 3

• Birth of Joâo II the perfect, King of Portugal (1481-95)/took in Spanish Jews. [1]

1456

March 1

• Birth of Wladyslaw Jagiello king of Bohemia/Hungary (1471/90-1516). [1]

1457

January 28

• Birth of Henry VII Pembroke Castle, first Tudor king of England (1485-1509). [1]

1459

February 1

• Birth of Conradus Celtis in Wipfeld, Germany; poet. [37]

March 2

• Birth of Adrian VI [Adriaan F Boeyens], Netherlands, Pope (1522-23). [1]

March 6

• Birth of Jacob Fugger German banker/merchant. [1]

March 22

• Birth of Maximilian I of Habsburg, in Wiener Neustadt; German Emperor/archduke of Austria. [1] [37]

October 6

• Birth of Martin Behaim in Nürnberg, Germany; produced oldest known globe in existence in 1492. [37]

December 22

• Birth of Djem Sultan son of Turks sultan Mehmed II. [1]

1460

April 8

• Birth of Ponce de León San Tervas de Campos Spain, Spanish conqueror/explorer, searched for fountain of youth, found Florida. [1]

1461

February 6

• Birth of Dzore Drzic Croatian poet. [1]

1462

February 14

• Birth of Edzard I Cirksena the Great, earl of East-Friesia (1494-1528). [1]

June 27

• Birth of Louis XII (the Just) king of France (1498-1515). [1]

1463

January 17

• Birth of Friedrich III (the Wise), Elector of Saxony in Torgau, Germany; protector of Martin Luther, patron of Albrecht Dürer, and Luchas Cranach the Elder, founded the University of Wittenberg in 1502. [1] [37]

February 24

• Birth of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola Italy, scholar/platonist. [1]

1464

April 23

• Birth of Johanna van Valois Queen of France. [1]
• Birth of Robert Fayrfax composer. [1]

1465

February 4

• Birth of French van Brederode leader of Hoeksen. [1]

February 11

• Birth of Elizabeth of York London, Consort of King Henry VII. [1]

1466

March 21

• Birth of French van Brederode leader Hoeksen. [1]

October 26

• Birth of Desiderius Erasmus Holland, scholar/author (In Praise of Folly). [1]

November 30

• Birth of Andrea Doria Genoese statesman/admiral. [1]

1467

January 1

• Birth of Sigismund I the old, king of Poland. [1]

January 14

• Birth of Henry van Stolberg and Wernigerode German Governor/Viceroy of Frisia. [1]

1468

February 29

• Birth of Paul III last Renaissance pope (1534-49). [1]

March 28

• Birth of Charles I Duke of Savoy. [1]

1469

April 15

• Birth of Nanak first guru of Sikhs. [1]

May 3

• Birth of Niccolo Machiavelli in Florence, Italy; philosopher and writer (The Prince). [1] [129]

May 19

• Birth of Giovanni della Robbia Italian sculptor. [1]

May 31

• Birth of Manuel I king of Portugal (1495-1521) during era of exploration. [1]

1470

May 20

• Birth of Pietro Bembo cardinal/theologian. [1]

June 30

• Birth of Charles VIII king of France (1483-98), invaded Italy. [1]

November 2

• Birth of King Edward V of England (1483); deposed, murdered? by Richard III. [1]

1471

May 21

• Birth of Albrecht Dürer in Nürnberg (Germany); court painter to the Holy Roman Emperors, Maximilian I and Charles V: The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Passion of Christ, Adam and Eve. [1] [37]

1472

March 28

• Birth of Fra Bartolomeo monk, Florentine Renaissance painter. [1]

May 31

• Birth of Erardus van der Mark prince-bishop of Luik/cardinal. [1]

October 4

• The painter, Lucas Cranach, is born in Bamberg, Germany. [37]

1473

February 19

• Birth of Nicolaus Copernicus in Torún, Poland (dies 1543); astronomer (heliocentrism). [1] [5]

March 17

• Birth of James IV king of Scotland (1488-1513). [1]

1474

February 12

• Birth of Lorenzo Campeggi(o) archbishop of Bologna/diplomat. [1]

March 21

• Birth of Angela Merici Italian monastery founder/saint. [1]

September 8

• Birth of Ludovico Ariosto Italy, poet (Orlando Furioso). [1]

1475

March 6

• Birth of Michelangelo Buonarroti; painter/sculptor/architect (David, Pièta) (dies 1564). [1] [5]

December 11

• Birth of Leo X [Giovanni de' Medici] Italy, Pope (1513-21). [1]

1477

January 25

• Birth of Anna de Bretagne wife of Maximilian of Austria and Louis XII. [1]

July 4

• Birth of the historian, Aventinus (Johannes Turmair) in Abensberg, Germany; publishes a Latin grammar and a history of the Bavarian nobility. [37]

1478

February 7

• Birth of Sir Thomas More lawyer/lord chancellor of England/saint (Utopia). [1]

May 26

• Birth of Clement VII [Giulio de' Medici], Italy, Pope (1523-34). [1]

July 22

• Birth of Philip I (the Handsome) first Habsburg king of Spain (1506). [1]

1479

March 12

• Birth of Giuliano de' Medici monarch of Florence. [1]

March 26

• Birth of Vasili III great prince of Moscow (1505-33)/son of Ivan III. [1]

1480

February 13

• Birth of Hieronymus Aleander [Girólamo Aleandro], Italian diplomat/cardinal. [1]

April 18

• Birth of Lucretia Borgia murderess (poison)/daughter (Pope Alexander VI). [1]

1481

March 2

• Birth of Franz von Sickingen in Ebernburg; German defender of the Protestant cause. [1] [37]

1483

January 12

• Birth of Hendrik van Nassau-Dillenburg en Dietz Governor/Viceroy of Holland. [1]

February 14

• Birth of Zahir al-Din Mohammed Babur Shah prince/founder Mogols-dynasty. [1]

February 15

• Birth of Babur founder of Mughal dynasty in India (1526-30. [1]

March 6

• Birth of Francesco Guicciardini Italy, attorney/president of Romagna. [1]

March 18

• Birth of Raphael painter (Sistine Madonna). [1]

March 28

• Birth of Raphael Urbino Italy, painter (School of Athens). [1]

April 6

• Birth of Raphael [Raffaello Sanzio] Urbino Italy, painter/master builder (Madonna Sistina). [1]

November 10

• Birth of Martin Luther in Eisleben, Germany; founded Protestantism. [1] [37]

December 3

• Birth of Nicolaus von Amsdorf; German reformation theologist. [1] [37]

1484

January 1

• Ulrich Zwingli is born in Wildhaus, Switzerland; influential church reformer in the development of Swiss Protestantism. [37] (1481 [1])

January 17

• Birth of Georg Spalatin (pseudonym of Georg Burkhardt) in Spalt, Germany (died 1545); close friend and collaborator of Martin Luther. [37]

February 21

• Birth of Joachim I Nestor elector (Brandenburg, Constitution). [1]

March 29

• Birth of Johann Spangenberg composer. [1]

April 23

• Birth of Julius Cæsar Scaliger Italy, scholar (On the Subtlety of Things). [1]

December 28

• Birth of Joachim Vadianus [von Watt] Swiss physician/mayor of Sankt Gallen. [1]

1485

April 3

• Birth of Lieven van der Maude [Ammonius] South Netherlands poet. [1]

December 16

• Birth of Catherine of Aragon Spanish princess/first wife of Henry VIII. [1]

1486

January 6

• Birth of Martin Agricola (pseudonym of Martin Sore) in Schwiebus; German music scholar and composer in Magdeburg. [1] [37]

July 14

• Birth of Andrea del Sarto Italy, painter (Recollets). [1]

November 13

• Birth of Johann Eck (birth name Johann Maier) in Egg, Germany; Catholic priest, Doctor of Theology, professor of theology. [37]

1487

February 8

• Birth of Ulrich in Reichenweier, Germany; Herzog of Württemberg. [37]

February 14

• Birth of Henry II of Bavaria bishop of Utrecht/Worms/Freising. [1]

July 17

• Birth of Esma'il I shah who converted Iran from Sunni to Shi'ah. [1]

September 10

• Birth of Julius III Counter-Reformation pope (1550-55). [1]

1488

January 6

• Birth of Helius Eobanus Hessus German poet (Silvae). [1]

April 21

• Birth of Ulrich von Hutten near Fulda; German poet/humanist/patriot. [1] [37]

1489

July 2

• Birth of Thomas Cranmer England, archbishop/reformer/martyr. [1]

1490

February 17

• Birth of Charles de Bourbon officer/governor (Lombardy). [1]

May 17

• Birth of Albert in Ansbach, Germany; last grand master of the Teutonic Knights, lord of East Prussia, founded the University of Königsberg in 1544. [1] [37]

June 28

• Birth of Albrecht Margrave von Brandenburg; Cardinal, Elector of the Holy Roman Empire and Archbishop of Mainz. [1] [37]

1491

June 28

• Birth of Henry VIII; King of England (1509-47). [1] [241.9]

1492

January 12

• Birth of Andrea Alicati Italian author. [1]

March 4

• Birth of Francesco de Layolle composer. [1]

March 6

• Birth of Jean Luis Vives Spanish theory/humanist/reformer. [1]

May 8

• Birth of Andreas Alciatus [Giovanni Andrea-Alciato], Italian lawyer. [1]

1493

March 15

• Birth of Anne Pierre Adrien duke of Montmorency marshal of France. [1]

May 1

• Birth of Phillippus Paracelsus Switzerland, physician/alchemist. [1]

December 17

• Birth of Philippus A Paracelsus Swiss physician/alchemist (Liber paramixum). [1]

1494

February 20

• Birth of Johan Friis chancellor (Denmark, helped establish Lutheranism). [1]

March 1

• Birth of Il Bacchiacca [Franceso Ubertini] Italian painter. [1]

March 24

• Birth of Georgius Agricola [Georg Bauer]]; German mineralogist (De Re Metallica). [1] [37]

April 20

• Birth of John Agricola [Schneider] German theologist/prime minister. [1]

May 25

• Birth of Jacopo Pontormo II Italy, painter (Sepulture of Christ). [1]

1495

March 6

• Birth of Luigi Alamanni Italian poet (Opere Toscane, La Coltivazione). [1]

March 8

• Birth of Juan de Dios Portugal/Spain, saint/founder (Brothers of Mercy). [1]

March 25

• Birth of Leonhard Paminger composer. [1]

November 21

• Birth of John Bale England, bishop/anti-catholic playwright (Kynge Johan). [1]

1497

February 15

• Birth of Philipp Melanchthon Germany, Protestant reformer. [1]

February 16

• Birth of Philipp Melanchthon Germany, Protestant reformer (Augsburgse Confessie). [1]

1498

December 19

• Birth of Andreas Osiander Germany, Protestant Reformation theologist. [1]

1499

March 31

• Birth of Pius IV [Gianangelo de' Medici], Italian lawyer/pope (1559-65). [1]