References are numbered in [brackets], which are listed here. A number after the dot gives the page in the source.

Last updated: 2008 June 28.

1858 January 5 Birth of Gustaf af Geijerstam Swedish author (Boken om Lillebror). [1] January 10 Birth of Heinrich Zille German cartoonist (Cheerful Blätter, Simplicissimus). [1] January 15 Birth of Giovanni Segantini Italy, painter. [1] January 17 Birth of Tomas Carrasquilla Colombian author (Frutos de mi Tierra). [1] January 19 Birth of Eugene Brieux French playwright (Blanchette, Lesson Avaries). [1] January 22 Birth of Betrice Potter Webb England, economist. [1] Birth of Frederick Lugard British captain/baron (Congo). [1] January 25 Birth of Giuseppe Radiciotti composer. [1] January 27 Birth of Neel [Cornelia H] Doff Dutch/French/Belgian painter's model/writer. [1] February 14 Birth of Charles Beach Hawley composer. [1] Birth of Joseph Thomson Scotland, geologist (Thomson's gazelle). [1] February 15 Birth of William Pickering Boston, astronomer (9th and 10th moons of Saturn). [1] February 16 Birth of Laurence "Lon" Myers US, track star (top US miler). [1] February 17 Birth of Ernest Ford composer. [1] February 18 Birth of Louise M A princess of Belgium. [1] February 24 Birth of Arnold Dolmetsch Le Mans, musician. [1] February 28 Birth of Jacob P Vis Dutch industrialist (founder Nevada Royal Salt Industries). [1] March 1 Birth of Georg Simmel German philosopher/sociologist. [1] March 7 Birth of Nikolai Artzibushev composer. [1] March 13 Birth of Maximilien Luce French painter. [1] March 15 Birth of Liberty Hyde Bailey US botanist (Plantbreeding). [1] March 18 Birth of Rudolph C K Diesel German engineer (Diesel motor). [1] March 23 Birth of Ludwig Quidde German historian/politician (Nobel Prize 1927). [1] March 27 Birth of Peter Christian Lutkin composer. [1] April 1 Birth of Arnold Aletrino Dutch physician-criminologist/author (From Life). [1] Birth of Gaetano Mosca Italian sociologist (Circulation of Elite). [1] April 3 Birth of Matthew Ricketts first Black man elected to Nebraska State Legislature. [1] April 4 Birth of Rémy de Gourmont French critic/writer (Physique de L'amour). [1] April 7 Birth of Adrien H Gerhard Dutch socialist politician (SDAP). [1] April 15 Birth of Anton G O Ridder Van Rappard Dutch painter/lithographer/etcher. [1] Birth of Emile Durkheim French sociologist (Division du travail social). [1] April 19 Birth of May Robson [Mary J Robison] Melbourne Australia, actress (Apple Annie). [1] Birth of Siegfried Ochs composer. [1] April 20 Birth of Auguste Chapuis composer. [1] April 22 Birth of Ethel Mary Smyth composer. [1] April 23 Birth of Max Ludwig Planck German physicist (Quanta Physics, Planck Constant, Nobel Prize 1918). [1] April 30 Birth of Mary Scott Lord Dimmick Harrison first lady (1889-1893). [1] May 1 Birth of Anthony Johnson Showalter composer. [1] May 6 Birth of Georges Adolphe Hue composer. [1] May 8 Birth of John Meade Falkner novelist (Moonfleet). [1] May 10 Birth of Frederick Zech Jr composer. [1] May 11 Birth of Carl Hauptmann writer. [1] May 16 Birth of Frank Lynes composer. [1] Birth of Hanus Trnecek composer. [1] May 19 Birth of Roland Napoleon Bonaparte French officer/traveller (Surinam). [1] May 21 Birth of José Battle Ordonez Uruguay, politician. [1] May 24 Birth of Johan C Braakensiek political cartoonist (Green Amsterdammer). [1] June 17 Birth of Eben Sumner Draper former Massachusetts Governor. [1] June 22 Birth of Giacomo Puccini Italy, operatic composer (Madama Butterfly). [1] June 29 Birth of George Washington Goethals engineer (built Panama Canal). [1] July 9 Birth of Franz Boas anthropologist/linguist (Mind of Primitive Man). [1] July 14 Birth of Emmeline Pankhurst England, found (Women's Social and Political Union). [1] July 16 Birth of Eugène Ysaÿe Belgium, violinist/conductor/composer (Pierill Houïou). [1] July 31 In Dublin, Ireland, Richard Dixon Oldham is born; geologist and seismologist, discovered the evidence for the existence of the Earth's core. [53] August 19 Birth of Edith Nesbit England, children books author (Railway Children). [1] September 16 Birth of A Bonar Law (Conservative) British Prime Minister (1922-23). [1] September 27 Birth of Giuseppe Peano Italian mathematician, founder of symbolic logic. [1] October 15 Birth of John L Sullivan Massachusetts, heavyweight boxing champion (1882-92). [1] October 27 Birth of Theodore Roosevelt (Republican) 26th President (1901-09) (Nobel Prize 1906). [1] November 20 Birth of Selma Lagerlof Sweden, novelist (Tales of a Manor-Nobel Prize 1909). [1] December 4 Birth of Billy Gunn cricketer (Notts and England batsman in 11 Tests 1886-99). [1] December 13 Birth of Jakab Gyula Major composer. [1] December 20 Birth of Jean/Johannes T "Jan" Toorop Dutch painter/graphic artist (3 Brides). [1] December 22 Birth of Giacomo Puccini Lucca Italy, opera composer (La Bohème, La Tosca). [1] December 23 Birth of Vladimir Nemirovitch-Dantshenko playwright (Life in Russian Theater). [1] 1859 January 5 Birth of DeWitt B Brace inventor (spectrophotometer). [1] January 6 Birth of Samuel Alexander English philosopher (Moral order and progress). [1] January 9 Birth of Carrie Lane Chapman Catt women's rights leader/founder (League of Women Voters). [1] Birth of Frederik Pijper Dutch vicar/church historian (The Monasteries). [1] January 11 Birth of [Gerard] Jan Ligthart Dutch educator (Nog bij mother, Ot and Sien). [1] January 13 Birth of Karl Bleibtreu German author (Revolution of Literature). [1] Birth of Kostís Palamás Greek poet/scholar (Flogera tou Basília). [1] January 19 Birth of Alice Eastwood Toronto, botanist (Handbook of Trees of California). [1] January 21 Birth of Antoni Wincenty Rutkowski composer. [1] January 24 Birth of Alexander Alexandrovich Il'yinsky composer. [1] January 27 Birth of Kaiser Wilhelm II Potsdam, German emperor (1888-1918). [1] February 1 Birth of Victor August Herbert Dublin Ireland, composer (Babes in Toyland). [1] February 2 Birth of Havelock Ellis US physician/sexologist (Psychology of Sex). [1] February 8 Birth of John H Been town's archivist of Brielle (Baasje and Witkop). [1] February 13 Birth of Frank van de Goes Dutch writer/marxist theorist. [1] Birth of William Strang Scottish painter/engraver. [1] February 14 Birth of George Washington Gale Ferris engineer/inventor (Ferris Wheel). [1] February 18 Birth of Sholem Aleichem [Solomon Rabinowitz], author (Fiddler on the Roof). [1] February 19 Birth of Svante August Arhenius Swedish physicist/chemist (Nobel Prize 1903). [1] February 23 Birth of Theodor Batthyányi Hungarian statesman/contra revolutionary. [1] March 8 Birth of Kenneth Grahame author (The Wind, Willows). [1] Birth of Otto Taubmann composer. [1] March 9 Birth of Richard Engländer [Peter Altenberg], Austria, author (Lebensabend). [1] March 12 Birth of Josef Cyril Sychra composer. [1] March 13 Birth of Ivo Bligh cricketer [Lord Darnley] England captain vs Australia 1882-83. [1] March 26 Birth of A[lfred] E[dward] Housman England, poet (Shropshire Lad). [1] Birth of Nikolay Alexandrovich Sokolov composer. [1] March 27 Birth of George Giffen cricketer (one of Australia's greatest all-rounders). [1] March 28 Birth of Joséphin Péladan French writer/founder (French Rosicrucians). [1] April 3 Birth of Reginald De Koven composer. [1] April 5 Birth of Wilhelm Harteveld composer. [1] April 7 Birth of Walter Camp Connecticut, father of American football (Yale). [1] April 8 Birth of Edmund Husserl Germany, philosopher (founded Phenomenology). [1] April 11 Birth of Basil Harwood composer. [1] April 18 Birth of Eduard G H H Cuypers architect (Sanatorium High-Laren). [1] May 1 Birth of Bohuslav Jeremias composer. [1] Birth of Willem J Leyds Dutch/South Africa lawyer/politician/diplomat. [1] May 2 Birth of Eugene D'Harcourt composer. [1] May 3 Birth of Andy Adams US writer (Log of a Cowboy). [1] May 6 Birth of Luis María Drago Argentina, statesman, anti-interventionist. [1] Birth of Willem J T Kloos Dutch poet (Act of Simple Justice). [1] May 13 Birth of Eugust Enna composer. [1] May 15 Birth of Pierre Curie France, physicist (Nobel Prize 1903). [1] May 19 Birth of Nellie Melba [Heal Mitchell] Australian soprano (Peach Melba). [1] May 22 Birth of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle United Kingdom, author-brought Sherlock Holmes to life twice. [1] May 26 Birth of Alfred Edward Housman Bromsgrove England, poet (A Buried Life). [1] May 30 Birth of Pierre Marie Felix Janet France, psychologist/neurologist. [1] June 22 Birth of Frank Heino Damrosch author/musician/teacher (found Inst of Music). [1] July 6 Birth of Verner von Heidenstam Sweden, poet/novelist (Nobel Prize 1916). [1] July 17 Birth of Luis Muñoz Rivera Puerto Rico, journalist (founded Federalist Party). [1] July 28 Birth of Balington Booth founded Volunteers of America. [1] August 4 Birth of Knut Hamsun Norway, writer/Nazi (Hunger-Nobel Prize 1920). [1] August 12 Birth of Katharine Lee Bates US, author (America the Beautiful). [1] August 19 Birth of Charles Comiskey first basemen/manager (Chicago White Sox). [1] October 3 Birth of Elenora Duse Italy, actress (Hedda Gabler). [1] October 17 Birth of William "Buck" Ewing hall of fame catcher (New York Giants, Cincinnati Reds). [1] October 18 Birth of Henri Bergson France, philosopher (Creative Evolution-Nobel Prize 1927). [1] October 20 Birth of John Dewey philosopher, educational theorist/writer (Learn by doing). [1] October 29 Birth of Charles Ebbets (namesake of Ebbets Field, Brooklyn). [1] November 1 Birth of Charles Brantley Aycock (Governor-North Carolina). [1] November 19 Birth of Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov Russia, musician (Armenian Rhapsody). [1] November 23 Birth of Billy the Kid [William H Bonney], criminal. [1] December 2 Birth of Georges Seurat France, painter/pointillist (Grande Jatte). [1] December 9 Birth of Algernon Ashton composer. [1] December 12 Birth of Edward Bradley horse owner (first to own four Kentucky Derby winners). [1] Birth of Maurice Donnay French playwright (Lovers). [1] December 15 Birth of Ludwik L Zamenhof Russia/Poland, physician/linguist (Esperanto). [1] December 17 Birth of Willem C Grünings Curaçao publisher (People's Friend). [1] December 20 Birth of Antonius J Derkinderen Dutch painter/etcher. [1] December 21 Birth of Gustave Kahn France, poet (claimed to have invented vers libre). [1] December 22 Birth of Cecil [James] Sharp London England, folk musician. [1] December 24 Birth of Roman Statkowski composer. [1] December 25 Birth of Raoul Gunsbourg composer. [1] December 26 Birth of Johan F van Bemmelen Dutch zoologist. [1] December 27 Birth of William Henry Hadow composer. [1] December 28 Birth of Gerard Brucken Fock composer. [1] Birth of John W Fortescue military historian. [1] December 29 Birth of Venustiano Carranza President of México (1915-20). [1] December 30 Birth of Josef Bohuslav Foerster composer. [1] December 31 Birth of Max Fiedler composer. [1]