References are numbered in [brackets], which are listed here. A number after the dot gives the page in the source.

Last updated: 2008 June 28.

1800 January 1 Birth of Sydney Nelson composer. [1] Birth of Vaclav Horak composer. [1] January 6 Birth of Willem A Schimmelpenninck van der Oye Dutch politician. [1] January 7 Birth of Millard Fillmore Locke New York, (Whig) 13th President (1850-53). [1] January 14 Birth of Ludwig Ritter von Köchel in Stein, Austria; devoted his life and studies to music. [1] [37] January 24 Birth of Sir Edwin Chadwick British social reformer. [1] February 11 Birth of William Henry Fox Talbot Wiltshire England, photographic pioneer. [1] February 15 Birth of Frederik W Conrad Dutch hydraulic engineer/railway pioneer. [1] February 21 Birth of John Henry Winder Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1865. [1] March 12 Birth of Louis-Prosper Gachard Belgian historian. [1] March 14 Birth of James Bogardus US inventor/builder (made cast-iron buildings). [1] March 25 Birth of Paulin Paris French historian. [1] April 15 Birth of Sir James Clark Ross explorer (British Antarctic). [1] April 16 Birth of Jozef Stefani composer. [1] Birth of William Chambers author/publisher (Basis of Communication and Coding). [1] May 1 Birth of Ret Thomas Aloysius Dornin Commander (Union Navy), died in 1874. [1] May 5 Birth of Louis Hachette French publisher (Librairie Hachette). [1] May 6 Birth of Ferdinand Marcucci composer. [1] May 9 Birth of John Brown abolitionist; led attack on Harpers Ferry. [1] May 10 Birth of Nikolay Alexeyevich Titov composer. [1] May 17 Birth of Carl Friedrich Zollner composer. [1] May 30 Birth of Karl W Feuerbach German mathematician (Position of Feuerbach). [1] September 23 Birth of William H McGuffey educator (McGuffey Readers). [1] October 2 Birth of Nat Turner Virginia, leader of major slave rebellion. [1] October 3 Birth of George Bancroft historian (Hall of Fame). [1] October 25 Birth of Thomas Babington Macaulay England, poet/historian (Ivry, Naaseby). [1] December 1 Birth of Mihály Vörösmarty Hungary, poet/dramatist ("To a Day-Dreamer"). [1] December 3 Birth of France Preseren Slovenian poet (Krst pri Savici). [1] December 4 Birth of Emil Aarestrup Danish physician/poet (Ritornellen). [1] December 17 Birth of Gergely Czuczor Hung/Czechoslovakian poet/translator (Great Hung dictionary). [1] December 21 Birth of Barnwell Rhett Robert (Confederacy), died in 1876. [1] December 27 Birth of John Goss composer. [1] December 29 Birth of Charles Goodyear inventor (vulcanization process for rubber). [1] 1801 January 11 Birth of John Lodge Ellerton composer. [1] January 21 Birth of Ramon Vilanova y Barrera composer. [1] January 29 Birth of Johannes Bernardus van Bree Dutch violinist/composer (Felix Meritis). [1] February 1 Birth of Adolf Fredrik Lindblad composer. [1] Birth of Thomas Cole US, romantic landscape painter (Hudson River School). [1] February 7 Birth of John Rylands England, merchant/philanthropist. [1] February 21 Birth of Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda composer. [1] Birth of John Henry Newman England, cardinal/churchman/author (Dream of Gerontius). [1] March 15 Birth of Coenraad J van Houten Dutch cocoa manufacturer. [1] March 23 Birth of Peterus D Regout Dutch industrialist (Sphinx, Maastricht). [1] April 7 Birth of Henry Eagle Commander (Union Navy), died in 1882. [1] April 11 Birth of Claude Tillier French journalist/writer (My Uncle Benjamin). [1] April 12 Birth of Henry de Cock Dutch reformed vicar/secession leader. [1] Birth of Josef Franz Karl Lanner Austria, composer/violist. [1] April 19 Birth of Gustav T Fechner [Dr Mises] German philosopher/physicist. [1] May 6 Birth of George Sears Greene Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1899. [1] May 9 Birth of Samuel Cousins mezzotint engraver. [1] May 16 Birth of William Henry Seward Secretary of State (1861-69, buys Alaska at 2 cents/acre). [1] June 1 Birth of Brigham Young religious leader (Mormon church)/polygamist. [1] July 5 Birth of David G Farragut Knoxville Tenn, naval hero. [1] July 27 Birth of George Biddle Airyy 7th Astronomer Royal. [1] November 3 Birth of Karl Baedeker Germany, published travel books. [1] December 7 Birth of Johann Nepomuk Nestroy Austrian actor (Judith und Holofernes). [1] December 11 Birth of Grabbe writer. [1] December 17 Birth of Johan king of Saxon (1854-73) (translated Divina Commedia). [1] December 27 Birth of Guillaume L Baud Dutch minister of Colonies (1848-49). [1] December 28 Birth of James Barnes Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1869. [1] 1802 January 3 Birth of Feliks Ostrowski composer. [1] January 6 Birth of Ion Heliade-Radulescu Romania, author/novelist/writer (Gramatica). [1] January 13 Birth of Eduard von Bauernfeld in Vienna, Austria; comedic playwright. [1] [37] January 19 Birth of [Jean] Silvain van de Weyer first Belgian minister of Foreign affairs (1831). [1] January 22 Birth of Richard Upjohn US, gothic architect (Trinity Chapel, New York). [1] January 31 Birth of Jan C J van Speijk Dutch naval hero. [1] February 2 Birth of Jean-Baptiste Boussingault French chemist. [1] February 4 Birth of Mark Hopkins US, educator/philosopher (Williams College). [1] February 6 Birth of Charles Wheatstone English physicist/musician. [1] February 11 Birth of Lydia Maria Child US, author/abolitionist (Juvenile Miscellany). [1] February 20 Birth of Charles-Auguste de Beriot Belgian violinist/composer. [1] February 21 Birth of George Douglas Ramsey Brevet Major General (Union Army), died in 1882. [1] February 26 Birth of Victor Hugo in France; author (Hunchback of Notre Dame, Les Miserables). [1] [5] February 27 Birth of William George Frederick Cavendish Bentinck Lord George Bentinck. [1] March 16 Birth of George Archibald McCall Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1868. [1] March 24 Birth of Jacob van Lennep attorney/Dutch Member of Parliament. [1] April 1 Birth of Hubert Reis composer. [1] April 4 Birth of Dorothea Dix US, aroused interest in treatment of mental inmates. [1] April 9 Birth of Elias Lönrot folklorist. [1] April 12 Birth of François Member of Parliament Liberman French relig leader (Congregation of Heart). [1] April 27 Birth of Abraham Louis Niedermeyer composer. [1] May 6 Birth of Friedrich Wilhelm Schirmer artist. [1] May 15 Birth of Isaac Ridgeway Trimble Major General (Confederate Army), died in 1888. [1] May 31 Birth of Cesare Pugni composer. [1] July 9 Birth of Thomas Davenport invented first coml electric motor. [1] July 24 Birth of Alexandre Dumas Père France, author (3 Musketeers). [1] Birth of Ira Aldridge famous African. [1] August 13 Birth of Nikolaus Lenau Hungary, German poet (Faust, Die Albigenser). [1] August 14 Birth of Letitia Elizabeth Landon England, poet/novelist/socialite. [1] September 4 Birth of Marcus Whitman missionary, led to US securing Oregon. [1] September 19 Birth of Louis Kossuth Hungary, President of Hungary (1849). [1] November 9 Birth of Elijah P Lovejoy American newspaper publisher/abolitionist. [1] December 2 Birth of Melancthon Smith Wade Brigadier-General (Union volunteers), died in 1868. [1] December 15 Birth of János Bolyai Romania, mathematician (non-Euclidean geometry). [1] December 27 Birth of Thomas Fearnley Norway, landscape painter. [1] 1803 January 2 Birth of Gugliemo Libri [della Somaia], Italian/French mathematician/book collector. [1] January 3 Birth of Douglas William Jerrold London, author/playwright/wit (Punch Magazine). [1] January 6 Birth of Henri Herz composer. [1] January 9 Birth of Christopher Memminger in Nayhingen, Germany; secretary of the treasury for the Confederate States of America government. [1] [37] January 15 Birth of Heinrich Daniel Ruhmkorff in Hannover, Germany; developed the Ruhmkorff induction coil, an important early mechanical device in the development of the use of electricity. [37] Birth of Nathan Adler in Hannover, Germany; rabbi of Oldenburg, Hannover, London, established the United Synagogue. [37] January 29 Birth of James Outram Bulterley Hall Derbyshire, General. [1] February 2 Birth of Albert Sidney Johnston General (Confederate Army), mortally wounded at Shiloh in 1862. [1] February 7 Birth of Edgar Quinet French writer/historian (Ahasvérus). [1] February 15 Birth of John Augustus Sutter Swiss/US colonist of California gold rush fame (New Helvetia California, Sutter Mill). [1] February 20 Birth of Friedrich Theodor Frohlich composer. [1] March 14 Birth of F G Klopstock writer. [1] March 22 Birth of Anthonie Waldrop Dutch painter/lithographer. [1] April 2 Birth of Franz Paul Lachner composer. [1] April 7 Birth of Flora Tristan writer. [1] April 14 Birth of Friedrich von Amerling Austrian painter. [1] April 18 Birth of Charles F Pahud de Montagnes Governor-General of Netherlands East Indies (1856-61). [1] April 21 Birth of Levin Minn Powell Commander (Union Navy), died in 1885. [1] April 23 Birth of Jules J baron d'Anethan Belgian minister of Justice. [1] April 27 Birth of Alfred Julius Becher composer. [1] May 7 Birth of Johan Peter Cronhamm composer. [1] May 8 Birth of Joseph Napoleon Ney Moskova composer. [1] May 12 Birth of Justus Freiherr von Liebig German chemist (agricultural chemics). [1] May 17 Birth of Robert Smith Surtees novelist. [1] May 24 Birth of Charles Bonaparte Corsican/French prince of Canino/Musignano. [1] May 25 Birth of Ralph Waldo Emerson in the USA; essayist/philosopher (Concord Hymn). [1] [5] July 24 Birth of Alexander Jackson Davis US, architect (gothic revivalist). [1] July 31 Birth of John Ericsson US, invented screw propeller, built USS Monitor. [1] August 15 Birth of Sir James Douglas father of British Columbia. [1] September 3 Birth of Prudence Crandall founded school for "young ladies of colour". [1] September 4 Birth of Sarah Childress Polk first lady. [1] October 3 Birth of John Gorrie inventor (cold-air process of refrigeration). [1] November 29 Birth of Christian Doppler discovered Doppler Effect (color shift). [1] December 4 Birth of Augustus Zerega diZerega Martinique, ship owner (Red Z Lane). [1] December 11 Birth of Hector Lou Berlioz Côte-Saint-André Isère France, composer (Manqué). [1] December 15 Birth of August Freyer composer. [1] December 18 Birth of William Allen (Representative/Governor-Ohio). [1] December 22 Birth of Joseph King Fenno Mansfield Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1862. [1] December 27 Birth of John ACA van Nispen Sevenaer Member of Dutch second parliament (1848-75). [1] 1804 January 12 Birth of Hippolyte Monpou composer. [1] January 14 Birth of Johann Strauß (the elder) in Vienna, Austria; composer of waltzes, polkas, and marches. [37] Birth of John Park composer. [1] January 16 Birth of Karl August Krebs composer. [1] January 26 Birth of Eugane "Marie Joseph" Sue France, novelist (Wandering Jew). [1] January 31 Birth of József Bajza Hungarian author/poet/critic. [1] February 2 Birth of Leopold Eugen Mechura composer. [1] February 5 Birth of Johan Ludvig Runeberg Finland, poet. [1] February 6 Birth of Ragnerus L van Andringa de Kempenaer Dutch officer/swindler. [1] February 7 Birth of John Deere pioneer manufacturer of agricultural implements. [1] February 17 Birth of Samuel Read Anderson Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1883. [1] March 14 Birth of Johann Strauss the Elder Viennese violinist/composer (Radetzky March). [1] March 17 Birth of James Bridger scout/fur trader/mountain man par excellence. [1] March 20 Birth of Neal Dow Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1897. [1] March 30 Birth of Salomon Sulzer composer. [1] April 4 Birth of Joseph Fischhof composer. [1] April 23 Birth of Guillaume Nerenburger Belgian General (Triangulatie of Belgium). [1] April 24 Birth of Thomas Oliver Selfridge Commander (Union Navy). [1] May 5 Birth of Jacob Kats Flemish writer (Earthly Paradise). [1] May 12 Birth of Robert Baldwin (Liberal) helped establish cabinet government in Canada. [1] May 16 Birth of Elizabeth Palmer Peabody educator/founder (first US kindergarten). [1] May 17 Birth of Ottho G Heldring Dutch vicar/reformer (Heldring Institutions). [1] May 22 Birth of John William (Turk) Livingston Commander (Union Navy), died in 1885. [1] May 31 Birth of Jeanne-Louise Farrenc composer. [1] June 1 Birth of Mikhail Glinka Novosspaskoye Russia, composer (Jota Aragonesa). [1] June 3 Birth of Richard Cobden founder Anti-Corn-Law League. [1] July 1 Birth of George Sand France, novelist (Valentine, Le Figaro). [1] July 4 Birth of Nathaniel Hawthorne Massachusetts, author (House of 7 Gables, Scarlet Letter). [1] July 21 Birth of Victor Schoelcher Guadeloupe, abolished french slavery. [1] October 3 Birth of Townsend Harris first Western consul to reside in Japan. [1] November 23 Birth of Franklin Pierce, 14th US President (1853-1857) (dies 1869). [1] [5] November 27 Birth of Sir Julius Benedict Stuttgart Germany, opera composer (Protoghesi). [1] November 28 Birth of James O Eastland (sen). [1] December 21 Birth of Benjamin Disraeli (Tory) British Prime Minister (1868, 1874-80). [1] December 23 Birth of Charles-Augustin de Sainte-Beuve France, critic/writer (deax violes esgales). [1]