- May 1
- Birth of Ret Thomas Aloysius Dornin; US Commander (Union Navy) (dies 1874). [1]
- May 5
- Birth of Louis Hachette; French publisher (Librairie Hachette). [1]
- May 9
- Birth of John Brown; American abolitionist, led attack on Harpers Ferry. [1]
- May 30
- Birth of Karl W Feuerbach; German mathematician (Position of Feuerbach). [1]
- September 23
- Birth of William H McGuffey; educator (McGuffey Readers). [1]
- October 2
- Birth of Nat Turner in Virginia, USA; leader of major slave rebellion. [1]
- October 3
- Birth of George Bancroft; historian (Hall of Fame). [1]
- October 25
- Birth of Thomas Babington Macaulay in England; poet/historian (Ivry, Naaseby). [1]
- December 1
- Birth of Mihály Vörösmarty in Hungary; poet/dramatist ("To a Day-Dreamer"). [1]
- December 3
- Birth of France Preseren; Slovenian poet (Krst pri Savici). [1]
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- December 4
- Birth of Emil Aarestrup; Danish physician/poet (Ritornellen). [1]
- December 17
- Birth of Gergely Czuczor; Hungarian/Czechoslovakian poet/translator (Great Hungarian dictionary). [1]
- December 29
- Birth of Charles Goodyear; inventor (vulcanization process for rubber). [1]
1801
- January 29
- Birth of Johannes Bernardus van Bree; Dutch violinist/composer (Felix Meritis). [1]
- February 1
- Birth of Thomas Cole; US romantic landscape painter (Hudson River School). [1]
- February 21
- Birth of John Henry Newman in England; cardinal/churchman/author (Dream of Gerontius). [1]
- March 23
- Birth of Peterus D Regout; Dutch industrialist (Sphinx, Maastricht). [1]
- April 7
- Birth of Henry Eagle; Commander (Union Navy) (dies 1882). [1]
- April 11
- Birth of Claude Tillier; French journalist/writer (My Uncle Benjamin). [1]
- May 6
- Birth of George Sears Greene; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1899). [1]
- May 16
- Birth of William Henry Seward in Florida, New York, USA; American lawyer, governor of New York (1838-42), US Senator (1849-61), Secretary of State (1861-69), negotiated purchase of Alaska. [1] [474.144] [494.60]
- June 1
- Birth of Brigham Young; religious leader (Mormon church), polygamist. [1]
- July 19
- Birth of John Walker in Northumberland, Pennsylvania, USA; attorney (1826-35, 1849-57, 1864-69), US senator from Mississippi (1835-45), US Treasury secretary (1845-49), Kansas territory governor (1857-58). [589.176]
- July 27
- Birth of George Biddle Airyy; 7th Astronomer Royal. [1]
- December 7
- Birth of Johann Nepomuk Nestroy; Austrian actor (Judith und Holofernes). [1]
- December 17
- Birth of Johan; King of Saxon (1854-73), translated Dante's Divina Commedia. [1]
- December 27
- Birth of Guillaume L Baud; Dutch minister of Colonies (1848-49). [1]
- December 28
- Birth of James Barnes; US Brevet Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1869). [1]
1802
- January 6
- Birth of Ion Heliade-Radulescu in Romania; author/novelist/writer (Gramatica). [1]
- January 19
- Birth of [Jean] Silvain van de Weyer; first Belgian minister of Foreign affairs (1831). [1]
- January 21
- Birth of Francis Elias Spinner in German Flats, New York, USA; major general in New York militia, sheriff of Herkimer County (1834-37), Congressman (1855-61), US Tresurer (1861-75). [542.128]
- January 22
- Birth of Richard Upjohn; US gothic architect (Trinity Chapel, New York). [1]
- January 31
- Birth of Jan C J van Speijk; Dutch naval hero. [1]
- February 4
- Birth of Mark Hopkins; US educator/philosopher (Williams College). [1]
- February 11
- Birth of Lydia Maria Child; US author/abolitionist (Juvenile Miscellany). [1]
- February 21
- Birth of George Douglas Ramsey; US Brevet Major General (Union Army) (dies 1882). [1]
- February 26
- Birth of Victor Hugo in France; author (Hunchback of Notre Dame, Les Miserables). [1] [5]
- March 16
- Birth of George Archibald McCall; US Brigadier General (Union volunteers) (dies 1868). [1]
- March 24
- Birth of Jacob van Lennep; attorney/Dutch Member of Parliament. [1]
- April 4
- Birth of Dorothea Dix in the US; aroused interest in treatment of mental inmates. [1]
- April 12
- Birth of François MP Liberman; French religious leader (Congregation of Heart). [1]
- May 15
- Birth of Isaac Ridgeway Trimble; Major General (Confederate Army) (dies 1888). [1]
- July 9
- Birth of Thomas Davenport; invented first commercial electric motor. [1]
- July 24
- Birth of Alexandre Dumas in Père, France; author (The Three Musketeers). [1]
- August 13
- Birth of Nikolaus Lenau in Hungary; German poet (Faust, Die Albigenser). [1]
- September 4
- Birth of Marcus Whitman; missionary, led to US securing Oregon. [1]
- September 19
- Birth of Louis Kossuth in Hungary; President of Hungary (1849). [1]
- November 9
- Birth of Elijah P Lovejoy; American newspaper publisher/abolitionist. [1]
- December 2
- Birth of Melancthon Smith Wade; US Brigadier-General (Union volunteers) (dies 1868). [1]
- December 15
- Birth of János Bolyai in Romania; mathematician (non-Euclidean geometry). [1]
1803
- January 3
- Birth of Douglas William Jerrold in London, England; author/playwright/wit (Punch Magazine). [1]
- January 9
- Birth of Christopher Memminger in Nayhingen, Germany; secretary of the treasury for the Confederate States of America government. [1] [37]
- January 15
- Birth of Heinrich Daniel Ruhmkorff in Hannover, Germany; developed the Ruhmkorff induction coil, an important early mechanical device in the development of the use of electricity. [37]
- Birth of Nathan Adler in Hannover, Germany; rabbi of Oldenburg, Hannover, London, established the United Synagogue. [37]
- January 29
- Birth of Anselm von Rothschild; Austrian banker. [473.58]
- February 2
- Birth of Albert Sidney Johnston; General (Confederate Army) (dies 1862). [1]
- February 7
- Birth of Edgar Quinet; French writer/historian (Ahasvérus). [1]
- February 15
- Birth of John Augustus Sutter; Swiss/US colonist of California gold rush fame (New Helvetia, California, Sutter Mill). [1]
- April 18
- Birth of Charles F Pahud de Montagnes; Governor-General of Netherlands East Indies (1856-61). [1]
- April 21
- Birth of Levin Minn Powell; US Commander (Union Navy) (dies 1885). [1]
- April 23
- Birth of Jules J baron d'Anethan; Belgian minister of Justice. [1]
- April 27
- Death of Pierre François Dominique Toussaint AKA Toussaint l'Ouverture in a dungeon in the Jura in France; slave, rebel leader, Commander-in-Chief (Haiti). [1166.244]
- May 12
- Birth of Justus Freiherr von Liebig; German chemist (agricultural chemics). [1]
- May 24
- Birth of Charles Bonaparte; Corsican/French prince of Canino/Musignano. [1]
- May 25
- Birth of Ralph Waldo Emerson in the USA; essayist/philosopher (Concord Hymn). [1] [5]
- July 24
- Birth of Alexander Jackson Davis; US architect (gothic revivalist). [1]
- July 31
- Birth of John Ericsson; invented screw propeller, built USS Monitor. [1]
- August 15
- Birth of James Douglas; father of British Columbia. [1]
- September 4
- Birth of Sarah Childress in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA; spouse of US President James Polk. [1] [549.92]
- October 3
- Birth of John Gorrie; inventor (cold-air process of refrigeration). [1]
- November 29
- Birth of Christian Doppler; discovered Doppler Effect (color shift). [1]
- December 4
- Birth of Augustus Zerega diZerega in Martinique; ship owner (Red Z Lane). [1]
- December 11
- Birth of Hector Lou Berlioz in Côte-Saint-André Isère, France; composer (Manqué). [1] [5]
- December 22
- Birth of Joseph King Fenno Mansfield; US Major General (Union volunteers) (dies 1862). [1]
- December 27
- Birth of John ACA van Nispen Sevenaer; Member of Dutch second parliament (1848-75). [1]
1804
- January 14
- Birth of Johann Strauß (the elder) in Vienna, Austria; composer of waltzes, polkas, and marches. [37]
- January 26
- Birth of Eugane "Marie Joseph" Sue in France; novelist (Wandering Jew). [1]
- February 7
- Birth of John Deere; pioneer manufacturer of agricultural implements. [1]
- February 17
- Birth of Samuel Read Anderson; Brigadier General (Confederate Army) (dies 1883). [1]
- March 14
- Birth of Johann Strauss the Elder; Viennese violinist/composer (Radetzky March). [1]
- March 17
- Birth of James Bridger; scout/fur trader/mountain man par excellence. [1]
- March 20
- Birth of Neal Dow; Brigadier General (Union volunteers) (dies 1897). [1]
- April 23
- Birth of Guillaume Nerenburger; Belgian General (Triangulatie of Belgium). [1]
- April 24
- Birth of Thomas Oliver Selfridge; Commander (Union Navy). [1]
- April 27
- Birth of George Whitfield Hatch in Johnstown, New York, USA; designer and engraver of bank notes, president of American Bank Note Company. [958.831]
- May 5
- Birth of Jacob Kats; Flemish writer (Earthly Paradise). [1]
- May 12
- Birth of Robert Baldwin; (Liberal) helped establish cabinet government in Canada. [1]
- May 16
- Birth of Elizabeth Palmer Peabody; educator/founder (first US kindergarten). [1]
- May 17
- Birth of Ottho G Heldring; Dutch vicar/reformer (Heldring Institutions). [1]
- May 22
- Birth of John William (Turk) Livingston; US Commander (Union Navy) (dies 1885). [1]
- June 1
- Birth of Mikhail Glinka in Novosspaskoye, Russia; composer (Jota Aragonesa). [1]
- June 3
- Birth of Richard Cobden; founder Anti-Corn-Law League. [1]
- July 1
- Birth of George Sand in France; novelist (Valentine, Le Figaro). [1]
- July 4
- Birth of Nathaniel Hawthorne in Massachusetts, USA; author (House of Seven Gables, Scarlet Letter). [1] [5]
- July 21
- Birth of Victor Schoelcher in Guadeloupe; abolished french slavery. [1]
- October 3
- Birth of Townsend Harris; first Western consul to reside in Japan. [1]
- November 23
- Birth of Franklin Pierce in Hillsborough, New Hampshire, USA; 14th US President (1853-1857) (dies 1869). [1] [5] [444.66]
- November 27
- Birth of Julius Benedict in Stuttgart, Germany; opera composer (Protoghesi). [1]
- December 21
- Birth of Benjamin Disraeli; (Tory) British Prime Minister (1868, 1874-80). [1]
- December 23
- Birth of Charles-Augustin de Sainte-Beuve in France; critic/writer (deax violes esgales). [1]
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