- (month unknown)
- The Millbillillie achondrite meteorite falls in Western Australia. [523.87]
- A meteor shower occurs over Bruderheim, Alberta, Canada. 700 stony meteorites totally 300 kg are recovered. [561.10]
- A cemetery at Jebel Sahaba in Upper Nile Valley, northern Sudan, is excavated. 61 skeletons of men, women, children date to 13,400 years ago. There are broken bones, smashed skulls, arrow strikes, and stone projectiles. [1616.9]
- July 1
- The former Dominion of Ghana becomes a republic. [700.47A]
- Independent Republic of Somalia forms from former Italian colony of Somalia and British Somaliland Protectorate. [285.15]
- July 4
- America's new 50-star flag honoring Hawaiian statehood first unfurled. [1]
- July 7
- USSR shoots down a US aircraft over Barents sea. [1]
- July 8
- CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage by the Soviet Union. [129]
- July 11
- Ivory Coast, Dahomey, Upper Volta, and Niger declare independence. [1]
- July 14
- Fire rages through a Guatemala City, Guatemala insane asylum, killing 225, severly injuring 300. [1]
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- July 20
- First submerged submarine to fire Polaris missile (George Washington). [1]
- July 21
- The country of Katanga forms in Africa. [1]
- July 31
- Elijah Muhammad, leader of Nation of Islam, calls for a black state. [1]
- August 1
- Benin (Dahomey) gains independence from France. [1]
- August 3
- Niger gains independence from France. [1]
- August 4
- Rocket propelled US Air Force research aircraft sets record at 2,150 MPH. [1]
- August 5
- Upper Volta (Burkina Faso) gains independence from France. [1]
- August 7
- Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) gains independence from France. [1841.571]
- August 10
- Discoverer 13 launched into orbit; returned first object from space. [1]
- August 11
- Chad declares independence from France. [1]
- August 12
- Echo I, first communications satellite, is launched. [1] [5]
- August 13
- Central African Republic proclaims independence from France. [1]
- August 15
- Congo (Brazzaville) gains independence from France. [1] [707.497]
- August 16
- Britain grants independence to crown colony of Cyprus. [1]
- Joseph Kittinger parachutes from balloon at 31,330m (84,700 feet). [1]
- Republic of the Congo forms. [1]
- August 17
- CIA pilot Francis Gary Powers is found guilty of espionage by the Soviet Union, sentenced to ten years in prison. [1] [129]
- Gabon gains independence from France. [1]
- August 18
- First commercially-produced oral contraceptive marketed by G.D. Searle Drug Company of Skokie, Illinois, called Enovid 10. [55.25]
- First photograph bounced off a satellite, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. [1]
- August 19
- The Soviet Union launches the Sputnik 5 satellite with dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants. [1] [5]
- August 20
- Senegal breaks from the Mali federation, declaring independence. [1] [5]
- August 23
- World's largest frog (3.3kg) caught in Equatorial Guinea. [1]
- August 24
- A world-record low temperature (-88 degrees Celsuis, -127 degrees Fahrenheit) is measured in Vostok, Antarctica. [1] [5] [614.8]
- 60 people die when bus plunges off bridge into Turvo River, Brazil. [1]
- August 29
- Prime Minister Hazza el-Majali of Jordan is assassinated. [1]
- (to September 10) In Seattle, Washington, USA, the 5th World Forestry Congress is held. [1419.6]
- September 17
- Cuba nationalizes American-owned banks. [437.80]
- September 20
- United Nations General Assembly admits 13 African countries and Cyprus (total 96 nations). [1]
- September 24
- The USS Enterprise aircraft carrier is launched at Newport News, Virginia. This is the world's first nuclear-powered carrier, also the most powerful warship ever built, at 300,000 horsepower, the longest at 1101.5 feet, and costliest at US$445 million. The ship was designed to accomodate 100 aircraft. [1] [55.13]
- International Development Association (UN agency) comes into existence. [1]
- September 26
- Longest speech in United Nations history (4 hours, 29 mins, by Fidel Castro). [1]
- October 1
- Nigeria gains independence from Great Britain. [1367.1484]
- Independent Federation of Nigeria issues its first postage stamps. [1367.1484]
- October 4
- Courier 1B launched; first active repeater satellite in orbit. [1]
- October 5
- Eastern Air Lines' Electra turbo-prop crashes in Boston Harbor (61 die). [1]
- October 12
- Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe at United Nations General Assembly session. [1]
- October 18
- In Britain, the News Chronicle and Daily Mail merge, and The London Evening Star merges with the Evening News. [1]
- October 19
- France grants Mauritania independence. [1]
- The US imposes an embargo on exports to Cuba. [1]
- October 20
- First fully mechanized post office opened, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. [1]
- October 24
- Disaster on USSR launch pad, kills missile expert Nedelin and team (unconfirmed); USSR claims he was killed in plane crash. [1]
- October 25
- First electronic wrist watch placed on sale, New York City. [1]
- October 30
- Michael Woodruff performs the first successful kidney transplant in the United Kingdom at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary. [5]
- November 1
- Benelux treaty goes into effect. [1]
- November 8
- John Kennedy (Massachusetts-Democrat-Senator) beats Vice President Richard Nixon (Republican) for US President. [1]
- November 13
- Fire in movie theater kills 152 children (Amude, Spain). [1]
- November 14
- Two passenger trains collide at high-speed killing 110 (Czechoslovakia). [1]
- November 23
- Tiros 2, a weather satellite is launched. [1]
- November 25
- First atomic reactor for research and development opens, Richland, Washington. [1]
- November 28
- Mauritania gains independence from France. [1]
- December 5
- Ghana drops diplomatic relations with Belgium. [1]
- December 11
- Black Sunday - Riot in Algiers, 114 die. [1]
- December 13
- Laos General Fumi Nosavang occupies Vientiane. [1]
- December 14
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) forms. [1]
- December 15
- King Boudouin of Belgium marries doña Fabiola de Mora y Aragon. [1]
- December 16
- 134 die as United DC-8 and TWA Super Constellation collide over Staten Island, New York City, New York. [1]
- December 18
- General Meeting of United Nations condemns apartheid. [1]
- December 20
- Former Auschwitz-commandant Richard Bär arrested in German Federal Republic. [1]
- December 23
- De Quay's Dutch government falls. [1]
- King Saudi of Saudi-Arabia takes power. [1]
- December 24
- Dutch bishops question papacy values. [1]
- December 27
- France performs nuclear test. [1]
- December 31
- The United Kingdom demonetizes the farthing as a unit of currency. [1002.490]
- Year
- Total amount of legal bets on horse racing in the USA: US$3 billion. [80.188]
- Total New York state bets on all forms of animal racing: over US$1 billion. [80.205]
- In Belgium, total betting on horse racing totals US$13.6 million. [80.331]
- In Canada, total pari-mutuel betting on horse races through the Department of Agriculture: US$141.4 million. [80.333]
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