References are numbered in [brackets], which are listed here. A number after the dot gives the page in the source.

Last updated: 2008 June 28.

1000 March 12 Odo of Lagery elected as Pope Urban II, replacing Victor III. [1] October 9 Leif Ericson becomes the first known European to walk in North America. [1] [5] December 25 Monarch István crowned king of Hungary. [1] 1002 January 23 Death of Otto III, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire at age 21 in Viterbo, Italy (born in Germany in 980). King of the Germans 983+, crowned Holy Roman Emperor 996. [1] [37] June 21 Birth of Pope Leo IX (original name Bruno von Egisheim und Dagsburg) in Egisheim, Germany; cousin of the Holy Roman Emperor, became Pope in 1049. [37] November 13 English king Ethelred II launches massacre of Danish settlers. [1] 1003 May 12 Gerbert French scholar, dies in Rome. [1] Sylvester II [Gerbert van Aurillac], first Fren Pope (999-1003), dies. [1] 1004 May 14 Henry II the Saint crowned as king of Italy. [1] May 15 Henry II the Saint crowned king of Italy. [1] 1006 April 30 Brightest supernova in recorded history is observed. [1] May 1 Supernova observed by Chinese and Egyptians in constellation Lupus. [1] May 4 Birth of Abd-Allah Ansari Persian mystic/poet (Monadjat). [1] 1008 April 10 Notger bishop of Luik (972-1008), dies. [1] 1009 March 9 Death of St. Bruno von Querfurt (970 - 1009); missionary to Poland. [37] 1010 May 3 Ansfried 9th bishop of Utrecht (995-1010)/saint, dies at about age 69. [1] 1011 February 23 Death of St. Willigis von Mainz; chancellor of Germany under emperor Otto I, Archbishop of Mainz. [37] 1012 May 12 Sergius IV [Pietro Crescentii], Italian Pope (1009-12), dies. [1] 1013 July 18 Birth of Hermann von Reichenau in Saulgau, (Germany); chronicler of information. [37] 1014 February 14 Pope Benedict VIII crowns Henry II, Roman German emperor. [1] April 23 Brian Boru king of Ireland, dies in battle at age 87. [1] King Brian Boru of Ireland beats Danes at Battle of Clontarf. [1] Sweyn Forkbeard Viking king of England (1013-14), dies. [1] 1016 April 23 Aethelbred II "the Unready" king of England (979-1016), dies. [1] October 18 Danes defeat Saxons at Battle of Assandun (Ashingdon). [1] November 30 Edmund II Ironsides, King of the Saxons (1016), dies at age 27. [1] 1017 October 28 Birth of Heinrich III, Holy Roman Emperor (1046-56). [37] (October 8 [1]) 1018 December 1 Death of Dietmar in Merseburg, Germany; chronicler of information. [37] 1021 March 16 Death of St. Heribert von Köln; Archbishop of Cologne. [37] 1024 April 9 Benedict VIII [Theophylactus van Tusculum] Pope (1012-24), dies. [1] July 13 Death of St. Heinrich II; Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, Duke (Herzog) of Bavaria, King of Germany. [37] 1025 December 15 Basilius II the Bulgarendoder, Byzantine emperor (976-1025), dies. [1] 1026 March 23 Koenraad II crowns himself king of Italy. [1] 1027 March 26 John XIX crowns Conrad II the Salier Roman German emperor. [1] May 14 Robert II, the Vrome, names son Henry I, king of France. [1] 1028 April 14 German emperor Conrad II the Sailor crowns his son Henry III, king. [1] May 5 Alfonso V King of León/Galicia (999-1028), dies in battle. [1] 1030 April 30 Mohammud van Ghazna Turkish mayor (G'widen)/Islamic ruler, dies. [1] July 29 King Olav Haraldsson of Norway, dies in battle of Stiklestad. [1] 1031 November 30 Birth of Davey Jones rocker (Monkees-Daydream Believer, Last Train To Clarksville, I'm A Believer). [1] 1032 February 2 Koenraad II succeeds Rudolf III as king of Bourgundy. [1] Rudolf III last independent king of Bourgundy, dies. [1] 1034 March 15 Mieszko II King of Poland (1025-34), dies. [1] April 11 Romanus III Argyrus Byzantine emperor (1028-34), assasinated by wife. [1] 1035 May 30 Boudouin IV count of Flanders (988-1035), dies. [1] Boudouin V van Rijsel becomes earl of Flanders. [1] November 12 Canute "The Great" King of the Danes (1016-1035), dies at age 41. [1] 1036 December 19 Birth of Su Tung-p'o China, poet/essayist/painter/calligrapher. [1] 1037 May 28 German emperor Koenraad II removes "Constitutio the Feudis". [1] 1038 January 9 In Shensi, China, a magnitude 7.4 earthquake occurs, resulting in 23,000 deaths. [53] 1039 May 27 Dirk III Hierosolymita Count of Holland, dies. [1] 1040 March 7 Harold I King of England (1035-40), dies. [1] March 17 Harold British King (1035-40), dies. [1] May 21 King Henry III gives Utrecht the Groninger currency. [1] 1041 December 10 Michael IV Paphlagonicus, emperor of Byzantine, dies. [1] 1043 February 15 Gisela wife of Roman Catholic-German emperor Conrad II the Salier, dies at age 52. [1] April 3 Edward the Confessor crowned king of England. [1] 1044 April 19 Gothelo duke of Netherlands-Lotharingen, dies. [1] 1045 January 20 Giovanni di Sabina elected Pope Sylvester III. [1] 1046 December 20 German king Heinrich III arrives in Rome. He deposes three Pope claimants: Gregory VI, Benedictus IX, and Silvester III. [1] [37] December 25 German king Heinrich III installs Suidiger, bishop of Bamberg, as Pope Clement II. [1] [37] 1047 October 9 Death of Suidiger (Pope Clement II), the second German pope; most noted for his efforts to eliminate the buying and selling of church offices; he convoked the council of Rome; only pope to be buried in Germany. [37] 1048 May 1 Bishop Bernold flees Saint Pieterskerk for Utrecht Netherlands. [1] July 17 The third German pope, Damasus II, is enthroned in Rome. Originally named Poppo, he was born in Bavaria. He was the Bishop of Brixen in Tyrol when Heinrich III nominated him as pope. [37] August 9 Death of Pope Damasus II, the third German pope, of malaria. [37] December 13 Al-Biruni Arabic royal astrologer, dies at age 74. [1] December 25 Parliament of Worms: Emperor Henry III names his cousin count Bruno van Egisheim/Dagsburg as Pope Leo IX. [1] 1049 January 12 Abu Sa'id ibn Aboa al-Chair Persian mystic, dies at age 81. [1] January 13 Derrick IV Count of Holland (1039-49), dies in battle. [1] February 12 Bruno count of Egesheim and Dagsburg crowned Pope Leo IX. [1] 1050 May 17 Guido van Arezzo Italian music theorist, dies. [1] July 19 The Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland (Central Council of Jews in Germany) is founded in Frankfurt am Main. [37] November 11 Birth of Heinrich in Saxony; German King (1054), Holy Roman Emperor (1084). [1] [37] 1051 June 10 Death of St. Bardo in Paderborn (Germany); Benedictine monk, abbot, Archbishop of Mainz (1031), constructed Cathedral of Mainz. [37] 1054 February 20 Yaroslav I the Wise, ruler (Kiev), dies. [1] March 12 Pope Leo IX escapes captivity and returns to Rome. [1] April 19 Leo IX [Bruno von Egesheim und Dagsburg] Pope (1049-54), dies at age 51. [1] July 4 Brightest known super-nova (Crab Nebula) starts shining (23 days). [1] September 24 Death of Hermann von Reichenau in Reichenau (Germany); chronicler of information in his age. [37] 1055 January 11 Constantine IX Monomachos emperor of Byzantium, dies. [1] April 13 Bishop Gebhard van Eichstätt named Pope Victor II. [1] December 19 Seldjuken under Toghril Beg occupy Baghdad. [1] 1056 April 22 Supernova Crab nebula last seen by the naked eye. [1] October 5 Birth of Heinrich III; Holy Roman Emperor. [37] 1057 August 15 Macbeth, King of Scotland, slain by son of King Duncan. [1] August 31 Leofric husband of Lady Godiva, dies. [1] 1058 March 29 Stephen IX [Frederik van Lotharingen], first Belgian Pope (1057-58), dies. [1] April 5 Bishop John "Minchio", [domkop] elected as Pope Benedictus X. [1] 1059 May 23 Henri I crowns his son compassionate King Philip I of France. [1] 1061 April 24 Halley's Comet sparks English monk to predict country'll be destroyed. [1] 1064 April 1 Body of bishop Eleutherius of Blandain moved to Doornik. [1] April 30 German King Henry IV gives away Utrecht county of West Friesland. [1] 1065 April 12 Pilgrims under bishop Günther of Bamberg reach Jerusalem. [1] December 27 Ferdinand I the Great, king of Castile, dies. [1] December 28 Westminister Abbey opens in London. [1] 1066 January 5 Edward de Belijder the Confessor, king of England (1043-66), dies. [1] King Edward the Confessor of England, dies. [1] January 6 King Harald of England crowned. [1] February 28 Westminster Abbey opens. [1] March 23 18th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. [1] July 18 Death of St. Answer by stoning in far north of German area (born about 1035); Benedictine monk. [37] September 28 William the Conqueror lands in England. [1] October 14 Battle of Hastings, in which William the Conqueror wins England. [1] December 25 William the Conqueror, crowned king of England. [1] 1069 December 24 Godfried II with the Beard, duke of Neder-Lutherans, dies. [1] 1070 June 4 Roquefort cheese created in a cave near Roquefort, France. [1] 1071 February 22 Arnulf III earl of Flanders/Hainault (Arnulf I), dies in battle. [1] Battle of Cassel-Robert I the Frisian defeats Arnulf III/I. [1] 1072 January 10 Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo. [1] March 16 Adalbert archbishop of Bremen-Hamburg, dies. [1] 1073 April 21 Alexander II [Anselmo da Baggio] Pope (1061-73), dies. [1] April 22 Pope Alexander II buried/Ildebrando chosen as Pope Gregory VII. [1] December 20 Domingo Spanish monastery founder/abbot/saint, dies. [1] 1075 February 16 Birth of Ordericus Vitalis French monk/historian/poet. [1] March 8 Birth of Abu 'l-Kasim Mahmud ibn Omar al-Zamachshari Arab theologist. [1] August 2 John VIII Xiphilinus theologian/patriarch of Constantinople, dies. [1] 1076 January 1 The Holy Roman Emperor, Heinrich IV, persuades 26 bishops to refuse obedience to the Pope. [37] January 24 The Holy Roman Emperor writes a letter to Pope Gregory VII condemning him as a usurper of the papacy. [1] [37] February 14 Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV. [1] February 22 Godfried III with the Hump, duke of Lower Lorraine, murdered. [1] April 27 Willem bishop of Utrecht (1054-76), murderer of earl Floris I, dies. [1] 1077 January 21 German King Heinrich IV petitions Pope Gregory VII for forgiveness. [1] January 28 Pope Gregory VII pardons German emperor Heinrich IV. [1] March 1 Imperial diet removes Heinrich IV as Kaiser and subsequently elects Rudolf von Schwaben. [37] April 24 Geza I King of Hungary (1074-7), dies. [1] December 14 Agnes of Poitou German empress/wife of emperor Henry III, dies. [1] 1078 February 22 Johannes van Fécamp Italian mystic writer, dies. [1] John of Fécamp Italian mystic writer, dies. [1] 1079 March 6 Omar ibn Ibrahim al-Chajjam completes Jalali-calendar. [1] March 16 Iran adopts solar Hijrah calendar. [1] May 9 Stanislaus Polish bishop of Cracow, murdered. [1] 1081 January 8 Birth of Henry V Roman German king/emperor (1098/1111-25). [1] April 4 Alexius I Comnenus occupies Byzantine throne. [1] 1082 May 12 Battle at Mailberg: Vratislav II of Bohemia beats Leopold II of Austria. [1] 1084 March 31 Anti-pope Clemens crowns German emperor Hendrik IV. [1] 1085 May 6 King Alfonso VI of León conquered Toledo, dies. [1] May 25 Gregory VII [Ildebrando] Pope (1073-85), dies. [1] King Alfonso VI of Castily/León occupy Toledo on Moren. [1] 1086 May 24 Abbott Dauferio/Desiderius becomes Pope Victor III. [1] August 11 Birth of Heinrich V, King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor. [37] 1087 May 30 German emperor Henry IV crowns his son Koenraad. [1] September 9 William I The Conqueror, King of England, and Duke of Normandy, dies. [1] 1088 January 6 Berengarius of Tours French theologist, dies. [1] 1089 April 28 Dirk de Grote bishop of Verdun/Basel/archbishop of Trier, dies. [1] May 28 Lanfrance Archbishop of Canterbury, dies. [1] 1090 October 6 Death of St. Adalbero von Würzburg (born about 1010 in Austria); Bishop of Würzburg (1045). [37] 1091 April 29 Battle at Monte Levunium Emperor Alexius I beats Petshegenes. [1] May 31 Hendrik van Verdun bishop of Luik (1075-91), dies. [1] 1092 May 9 Lincoln Cathedral is consecrated. [1] [5] 1093 July 14 Death of St. Ulrich von Zell in the Black Forest (born 1029 in Regensburg (Germany)). [37] 1095 February 25 Council of Rockingham bishop Anselmus vs King William II Rufus. [1] November 27 Pope Urban II preaches first Crusade. [1] 1096 May 18 Crusaders massacre Jews of Worm. [1] November 7 Birth of Herbert R O'Connor Baltimore Maryland, (Senator-Maryland)/TV narrator (Crime Syndicated). [1] 1098 February 10 Crusaders defeat Prince Redwan of Aleppo at Antioch. [1] June 3 Christian Crusaders seize Antioch, Turkey. [1] December 12 First Crusaders capture and plunder Mara Syria. [1] 1099 January 6 Henry V crowned German king. [1] January 13 Crusaders set fire to Mara Syria. [1] January 28 First Crusaders begins siege of Hosn-el-Akrad Syria. [1] April 14 Conrad bishop of Utrecht, stabbed to death. [1] August 19 Crusaders beat Saracens in Battle of Ascalon. [1]