E-mail Software & Issues
Stand-alone E-mail Clients - Web-based E-mail
E-mail How-tos and Tips - E-mail Newsletters
E-mail with Your Browser
See Web Browser Downloads for listings of the various current browsers available and recommendations.Most people are aware of the Outlook Express e-mail program that comes with Windows along with the Internet Explorer Web browser, but there are standalone e-mail clients in both free and shareware (try before you buy) varieties as well as browser suites that have built-in e-mail programs.
Whatever you choose to use, read about possible security issues with e-mail clients. This is particularly important for users of Outlook and Outlook Express since their vulnerabilities are so widespread and known by those likely to try to exploit these weaknesses.
Stand-alone E-mail Clients
Sometimes the cost of a shareware program is well worth the investment in the extra tools and abilities incorporated into the software.
- PocoMail 4 (US$39.95) is not vulnerable to viruses and provides protection against spammers and advertisers. Pocomail's powerful scripting and Bayesian filters "learn" how to deal with your junk mail with a 98% accuracy. Try Pocomail free for 45-days to see for yourself. Strongly recommended. More information.
- Barca 2 (US$59.95) is PocoMail with Calendar, Planner, Diary, etc. More information.
- Thunderbird
- Reclaim Your Inbox - is a powerful, yet easy to use, free stand-alone e-mail program from Mozilla that works great in conjunction with the Firefox browser.
- Get specific-language dictionaries or other add-ons.
- Thunderbird standard diagnostic.
- Setting and Changing E-mail Passwords in Thunderbird (but also applies to Mozilla Suite/SeaMonkey).
- Eudora is now a full-featured mail program without ads (sales of the commercial version ceased in May, 2007) and Eudora is moving to an open source model (Penelope is an open source extension to the Mozilla Thunderbird mail application, but is still in beta). Read about possible security issues.
- PMMail 2000 runs on Windows 95/98/NT/2000/XP in either Standard (US$39.95) or Professional--with integrated PGP encryption (US$49.95) versions and on OS/2 or eCS (US$39.95), making PMMail the ideal solution for cross platform environments. Download the demo or purchase PM2000.
- Pegasus Mail is a free, versatile e-mail that is simple to use. It runs on most versions of Windows (including Win3.1), DOS and LANs. The proceeds of the sale of the manual are used to support program development.
- Polarbar Mailer is a 100% pure Java e-mail application that runs on many platforms including Windows, Linux and Macintosh. You will also need Java installed on your computer.
Web-based E-mail
There are also various Web-based e-mail solutions that work for people that don't own an Internet-connected computer or must use various computers:
- Google's Gmail.
- Yahoo! Mail.
- AOL Mail.
- Windows Live.
- Most ISPs now provide some sort of access to your e-mail via a Web browser.
E-mail How-tos & Tips
Outlook Express is the default e-mail program for Windows, so there are a large number of folks using this program. However, those doing so should remember there are some catches to doing so, particularly when communicating with others using different e-mail programs. This section deals with those issues.
Importing/Exporting From Outlook Express - Winmail.dat Attachments - E-mail Headers
E-mail Newsletters - E-mail Security Issues
Importing/Exporting From Outlook/Outlook Express
Outlook Express has a proprietary binary format that makes it difficult to extract e-mail addresses either for archival purposes or to move your mail to a new program. Here are a number of suggestions that can help you with this process.
- Thunderbird can import address books, mail and settings. You can then use MozBackup, a freeware program, to create backups of your Thunderbird (and Firefox) profiles, including your mail, favorites, contacts, etc.
- The Inside Outlook Express is a site with information for troubleshooting and optimizing Outlook Express and includes FAQs, tools and known bugs.
- Resources For Outlook Express and MS Outlook How-to Articles are indexes to Microsoft Help & Support pages for the issues listed there.
- You can use a utility like DBXtract to extract the messages from Outlook Express's dbx mailbox files. This utility is also useful for recovery of corrupted mailboxes. Be sure to read about potential problems with this process.
- Mailbag Assistant (US$29.95) can search, organize, analyse and archive the messages in all your e-mail programs. It is also useful as an intermediary tool to transfer messages from one mail program to another.
Dealing with "winmail.dat" Attachments
A Microsoft Format Issue
If you receive a message with an attached file called winmail.dat you probably will be unable to open it. Microsoft e-mail clients (particularly Outlook), use the proprietary Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) which creates an issue for non-Microsoft e-mail programs.
Invisible to Outlook/Outlook Express Users
This is invisible to users of Outlook and Outlook Express, so such users may not know what you are referring to when you mention it to them. Send them to this page for an explanation.
Other e-mail clients, like Thunderbird, Pocomail, or Eudora can all send HTML-based e-mail without any problems for the recipient. This problem is specific to Microsoft e-mail clients.
A Plain-Text-Only Solution
The easiest solution depends upon the person re-sending the message as a plain-text message. Any other formatting (including Rich Text Format, enhanced (HTML) or messages composed in MS Word) will create this problem for non-Outlook users unless you disable TNEF.
Disabling TNEF
Users of Outlook XP (2002) and later should disable TNEF. Users of earlier versions of Outlook (97/2000) should simply send the message as plain text as any other formatting (including Rich Text or HTML format as well as messages composed in MS Word) will create this problem for non-Outlook users.
To disable TNEF in Outlook, go to the Tools menu and select Options. Click on the Mail Format tab then set the Send Format to either Plain Text or HTML. Do not select Rich Text format and be sure that you uncheck the "Use Microsoft Word to Edit Email Messages" box.
Disable MS Word as E-mail Editor
Unless you are exclusively sending messages within an internal department, you will want to disable Microsoft Word as your default email editor because anyone not using Outlook or Outlook Express may be unable to read your message (or not as you intended).
To disable Microsoft Word as your default email editor in Microsoft Outlook, go to Tools then Options. Click on the Mail Format tab and uncheck the "Use Microsoft Word to edit e-mail messages" box.
Microsoft Documentation
- Description of Transport Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) in Outlook 2000 gives a fuller explanation of this issue and the solution.
- How e-mail message formats affect Internet e-mails in Outlook.
- How to Prevent the Winmail.dat File from Being Sent to Internet Users for Microsoft Exchange Client users.
Other Explanations
- MozillaZine discusses TNEF for Thunderbird and other Mozilla e-mail programs and provides some solutions.
- Julia Benson-Slaughter gives a fuller explanation of this issue for older versions of Outlook.
Third Party Solutions
- Eolsoft's Winmail Opener (also available on Download.com) allows you to view and extract contents of TNEF messages. Free.
- WMDecode for Windows is a time-limited free utility to recover the information in winmail.dat files. You can re-download the file again later, or purchase the program for US$10.
- TNEF's Enough is a solution for Mac OS 9 and X users.
- SourceNet's TNEF Documentation includes a solution for Linux users.
Why it Matters
As you can imagine, most people will simply ignore your message or fret over their inability to view the winmail.dat attachment. Take a look at the suggestions in the E-mail Newsletters section for some ideas if you are sending out regular updates of any kind to a variety of people.
E-mail Headers
If you are having issues with either getting an e-mail or getting e-mails you'd rather not have (spam), you'll probably get asked to forward the messages with the full headers intact.
What are Headers?
Headers include the information at the top of the message like the subject, who its from, who its addressed to (To: and Cc:), the date it was sent. The information displayed and the order it is displayed in varies by e-mail program.
Full Headers
Full headers have a lot more information including the path taken by the message from the sender to you. It is this second information that allows the person you ask for help to determine how the message arrived in your mailbox and who forged it (most spam is sent using someone else's e-mail address, perhaps your own).
Information Varies by Program and ISP
The sort of information captured by your e-mail program depends upon what the designers of that program considered important (some can be configured to show more or less) as well as information that may be added by your ISP (Shaw, Telus, Rogers, etc.) Islandnet.com provides a great deal more about how mail is filtered through their powerful PEP (Personal E-mail Processing) system, including tools to help you avoid spam.
Viewing the Full Headers
To view the full headers depends upon the program you're using:
- Thunderbird View > Headers > All (Headers > Normal is the default)
- Outlook Express Right-click on the message in the list of messages and select Properties. Click on the Details tab to view the full headers.
- Pocomail or Barca View > Message Headers Display > Show Full Headers (Show Short Headers is the default)
Other programs should have similar methods.
Forwarding Messages with Full Headers
To forward the message with full headers usually requires that you forward the message as an attachment. By queueing the message you can go to the Out box and check that the attached message has full headers before sending the message.
E-mail Newsletters
As e-mail has become widespread, many businesses and organizations have moved to sending out their formerly-printed documents by e-mail. Among these documents are their newsletters and other notices. This works very well, but you must be aware of some issues when you send these documents.
Keep it Private
Opt-in Addresses Only
If you don't want to generate resentment, you'll use an opt-in list where everyone specifically asks for your newsletter. You can invite people to sign up for your newsletter on your Website and in print copies of your newsletter or other documents. Simply offering a way off your list does not in itself make your list opt-in (that's an opt-out list).
One exception to the opt-in might be a club newsletter where it is made clear to the members that they will be receiving an e-mail-based newsletter when they sign up.
Bcc: Your Address List
Don't upset your readers by disclosing their e-mail address to everyone else. Use Bcc: to add all the addresses. If your e-mail program insists on an address in the To: slot, use your own. Learn more about proper e-mail address etiquette.
Make it Accessible
HTML or Plain Text?
Not everybody can view enhanced (HTML) e-mail messages or properly view encoded images. Be sure to either offer a plain-text newsletter or to design yours so that it can be read without the extra coding and images. Always test your messages on a variety of e-mail clients and platforms (operating systems) if you can to catch these bugs before they come back to bite you.
Colour and Backgrounds
Be careful when using backgrounds and colour schemes while developing your e-newsletter. Some colours may have unexpected emotional or cultural impacts as well as creating issues for those that have various forms of colour-blindness.
The following pages cover this in greater detail:
- Understanding Color and Accessibility.
- Color Vision 1 in 12 people have some sort of color deficiency.
- Colour Meaning—what various colours signify.
- Colour Symbolism.
Backgrounds can also be rendered as page-after-page of nonsense text if the e-mail program doesn't interpret it correctly or if the message or background information becomes corrupt during transmission or download. It is safest to use no background or to specify a neutral colour.
Problems with Outlook/Outlook Express
If you are sending out an e-mail-based newsletter, it is very important that you either do not use a Microsoft e-mail program, or that you send your message in plain text (see about winmail.dat above). Using MS Word to compose the e-mail or any sort of an enhanced Outlook/Outlook Express message will be a problem for users of other e-mail programs.
Avoid Bandwidth Hogs & Incompatibilities
Downloaded Images
You may have noted that some newsletters use images that are downloaded from the server when the message is viewed. This saves bandwidth when sending the message, but can create a strain on your ISP's server (and your account bandwidth) if you aren't careful. Remember, every time someone opens the message, they'll be downloading these images (not just the first time) as will everyone they forward it to.
These downloaded images are also used by spammers to track messages they send for verifying e-mail addresses and logging when the message is opened. Some programs, like Pocomail, deal with this by disabling the downloading of images until the viewer asks for them.
Attachment Issues
An alternative to self-contained messages is to attach a newsletter to the message. Be careful about your choice in the attachment format as you will want your viewers to be able to open the message.
- While Microsoft Word is used by most businesses, not everyone (including many non-profit organizations) have Word. You should also take into consideration that the format changes to fit the printer installed on the viewing computer. Free Microsoft viewers are relatively unknown, with few people using them.
- Adobe® Acrobat® locks the format into the document and the Adobe Reader is free (and already installed on most computers), making it an excellent choice. While there are free tools to create PDF files for distribution, Acrobat® does the best job of ensuring the look you want at the smallest file size.
You should make your decisions based upon your intended audience. In some cases MS Word may be more attractive to your viewers, and if layout is not extremely tight, the printer configuration issue may not matter. Be sure to test your message on other computers with different printers first.
Document Size Issues
If you are composing a newsletter in MS Word, be sure to resize images to fit before inserting them into the document. Resizing them in the document doesn't reduce the actual file size, an important issue when documents are intended for sending as attachments or posted on the Web. This is also true for documents that will later be translated into Adobe PDF.
Other References
There is a lot at stake when you start developing an electronic newsletter and there are people that specialize in their creation. Here are just a couple of places where you can go for more information:
- Email Newsletters: Surviving Inbox Congestion.
- How to Code HTML Email Newsletters for the more technically-adept.
- Email Newsletter Usability has a summary or you can download the entire 544 page report for US$398.
E-mail Security Issues
E-mail programs have a number of recognized vulnerabilities which will depend upon the program and the platform (operating system) you are running it on. Those that wish to avoid spam (unsolicited junk e-mail) should avoid software with these challenges.
- Some Windows e-mail programs use Internet Explorer components for displaying images and HTML (styled) messages. These programs are subject to the same vulnerabilities that Internet Explorer is.
- If a remote image (one not attached to the e-mail, but downloaded from the sender's server) is automatically displayed you risk the fact that the sender might be tracking whether the image is downloaded to your computer. Some spammers use an identifiable image to determine which users actually open the mail in order to verify whether an e-mail address is valid and if the message is read. (More recent e-mail programs such as PocoMail or Barca often disable the downloading of images by default to protect you from this risk.)
There is additional security information in the Preventing Unauthorized Access and Internet Security Vulnerabilities pages. You'll want to ensure that you are running current Anti-Virus Protection as well.
www.RussHarvey.bc.ca/resources/mail.html
Updated: August 24, 2009

